Definitions and research methods Flashcards
Exercise physiology ………
Explores how the body reacts to a single bout and repeated bouts of exercise
Basic research ……
Study of fundamental topics in biology (eg. mechanisms of adaptation to exercise)
Translational research ……
Known as ‘bench-to-beside’ application of research findings
Applied research …….
Studies designed to solve practical problems (evidence-based practice)
Laboratory research ………
Data collection on humans in a lab setting
Field research ……….
Allows physiological data collection in a real world setting
The scientific method
A systemic approach used to test hypotheses
Independent variable …….
An independent variable is the variable you manipulate in an experimental study to explore its effects. E.g. Exercise intensity
Dependent variable ……..
A dependent variable is the variable that changes as a result of the independent variable manipulation. E.g. Heart rate.
What is an ergometer? Provide examples.
An ergometer is an instrument we use to measure the work output of a person exercising. E.g. cycle ergometer, rowing ergometer, motorised treadmill.
Reasons for using a cycle ergometer?
Reliability: More reliable as much more reproducible than physiological responses on a treadmill.
Skill: Much easier to cycle on a stationary bike than running on a treadmill. (less intimidating).
Specificity: Testing a cyclist; more effective to use cycle ergometer than a rowing ergometer.
Calibration: All ergometers are calibrated, repeatability.
Adjustment of load/ power output: Can control physiological responses.
Power …….
Amount of work performed per unit of time
Net efficiency ………
Ratio of work output divided by energy expenditure above rest
Direct calorimetry ………..
Measure of metabolic rate via heat
Indirect calorimetry ………
Measure of metabolic rate via VO2
Relative VO2 ………
Oxygen consumed per kg of body mass
1 MET (metabolic equivalent) ……..
A unit of resting metabolic rate
Running economy …..
Oxygen uptake at specific running speed
Oxygen consumption (VO2) …..
Amount of oxygen used by the body
Work ………
Product of force and the distance through which that force acts
What physiological systems act during exercise? (9 of them)
Blood system
Cardiovascular system
Alimentary (Digestive system)
CNS (central nervous system)
Integumentary (body’s outermost layer, e.g. skin)
Musculo-skeletal system
Endocrine system
Renal system (Urinary system)
Respiratory system
Does the immunological system function during exercise?
Immunological system does not show effects during a singular bout of exercise, however, overtime, this systems function can improve with exercise training
What cells are more important than others from a physiological standpoint?
Brain cells E.g. During severe blood loss, the body will redirect blood away from that area and increase blood flow to the brain.
