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Phlebotomy > Definitions and Questions > Flashcards

Definitions and Questions Flashcards

1
Q

How to identify a patient

A

Ask the patient for identification, check it. Then confirm the information. In-patient clinic there will be a non-removable waterproof identification.

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2
Q

Handwashing Technique

A

Make sure to use enough soap to form a lather.

Steps:
1.wash hands immediately after removal of gloves
2.Use soft antibacterial soap
3.Avoid harsh abrasive soap
4.Exposed skin should be washed thoroughly as soon as possible after removal of gloves
Wash for at least 30 seconds

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3
Q

What information Goes on a requisition form

A
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4
Q

Consents

A

Informed consent- competent person gives voluntary permission for medical procedure

Expressed consent - permission is given verbally or in writing for a procedure

Implied consent- patient’s actions

HIV testing consent- special permission for testing

Parental consent- parent must permit procedures on a minor (18)

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5
Q

Legal v Ethical Behavior

A

Legal issues occur when an established law has been broken vs a code of ethics which provides personal and professional performance and moral behavioral rules

Negligence, assault, battery, slander, libel, duty of care, breach of duty, malpractice are illegal. Could be criminal or civil depending on the charge and the situation.

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6
Q

PPE/Order of removal

A

1.Gloves
2.Goggles
3.Gown
4.Mask

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7
Q

Contact Precautions

A

Barriers/ppe, handwashing, vaccination and inoculation, breaking the chain of infection.

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8
Q

End of Blood draw process

A

TTCC
Tourniquet
Tube
Cover/cotton
Cap

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9
Q

Gloves Used for latex allergies

A

Nitrile Gloves

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10
Q

Exposure Protocol

A

1 Immediately wash the area
2 report the exposure to supervisor
3 refer to an MSDS
4 fill out an exposure report form
Document routes if exposure and circumstances
Identify and document source
Test the source individual’s blood
Collect your own blood and test
5 apart from exposure everything else will remain confidential

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11
Q

Out of scope of practice

A

ABG, IV, giving out results and waived tests w/out consent

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12
Q

Biohazard Safety/Waste

A
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13
Q

How to collect blood cultures

A

Strict asceptic technique.
ChloraPrep the site
Clean the collection bottles

Ordered in sets of 2
Aerobic and anaerobic in a set

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14
Q

4 Sages of Hemostasis

A

Vascular phase (vascular spasm)
Platelet phase (platelet plug)
Coagulation phase (coagulation cascade)
Platelets release prothrombin activator
Prothrombin activator turns prothrombin into thrombin
Thrombin cuts fibrinogen into fibrin
Fibrin bonds with plug to coagulate the vein
Fibinolysis

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15
Q

How to Perform OGTT (and what it stands for)

A

Oral glucose tolerance test

Blood is drawn from patient as a baseline.

Patient must then finish glucola within 5 minutes

Blood is drawn once an hour

Is ordered for 1, 2, 3, or 5 hours

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16
Q

Stool sample collection Process

A

Wear gloves
Hat shaped plastic lid or plastic wrap
collect the stool into clean dry plastic jars w/ screw lid
Get to the laboratory immediately or refrigerate
If for occult stool test smear a bit onto the card

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17
Q

Capilary/fingerstick draw process

A

Always wipe away the first drop of blood with gauze
3rd or 4th finger of non-dominant hand
use an automatic lancet milk the incision and put into capillary tubes
EHAS

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18
Q

Infant blood draw process

A

Out side of the heel
No deeper than .85mm for premies & 2mm for infants
Medially from great toe to heel
And then laterally from the middle of the 4th and 5th
Always wipe away first drop with gauze
Use automatic lancet and milk incision
EHAS

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19
Q

Pediatric order of draw

A

EHAS
EDTA
Heparin
Any other additive
Serum

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20
Q

How to collect a 24 hour urine Sample

A
  1. Tell patient to discard first specimen
  2. Urinate into a small collection container and pour into a big container
  3. Refrigerate each sample after deposit
    4.Keep samples refridgerated
  4. Have patient clean the container with soap and warm water between collections
  5. Patient must avoid bedpans urinals and toilet paper
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21
Q

Speicmen Handling

A
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22
Q

Question 78 is B (H pilori Test)

A
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23
Q

Butterfly needle angle of draw/straight stick

A

5 degrees for butterfly /15 to 30 degrees for a straight stick

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24
Q

Hematoma care and procedure

A

Immediately Stop
Release the tourniquet
Remove the tube
Remove the needle
Apply firm pressure and an ice pack

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25
Q

syncope procedures/protocol

A

Do not allow them to fall and get injured
Immediately Stop
Release the tourniquet
Remove the tube
Remove the needle
Safely position the patient and call for help

26
Q

How to disinfect body fluid spills

A

1:10 to 1:100 EPA registered tuberculocidal left on the area for 10 minutes (sodium hypochlorite and lysol both work)

27
Q

site selection

A

preferred site for venipuncture is upper extremities antecubital fossa
Vein selection is based on the size and condition of the vein
The vein should be palpable after the tourniquet
(Median cubital vein is often preferred
Cephalic vein is often the most straight forward vein to palpate in an obese patient
Basilic Vein is near brachial artery, risk puncturing artery or a nerve. Never redirect when entering the basilic)

28
Q

POCT/ Waived test

A
29
Q

Failure to invert tubes

A

Additive will not adequately mix
8-10 times on all tubes except light blue top tube (3-4)
Cannot over invert.

30
Q

premature needle withdrawal

A
31
Q

Military time

A

24 hour time first two digits are the hour on a 24 hour scale and the last two are the minutes past the hour

32
Q

Guage and needle size relationship and actual size

A

Needle guage system. Is relative. Each decreases by roughly ~11% Smaller is larger

33
Q

ABG/VBG Collection Process

A

Grab a hepparinized needle kit.
For vbg swap out needle with butterfly
ABG perform allen test
Angle of incidence between 45 to 90
ABG apply pressure for 2 to 5 minnutes afterwards. Do not allow patient to apply pressure.

34
Q

How to collect an ETOH sample

A

As normal but do not use alcohol to clean the site. Replace with another antisceptic

35
Q

How to care for unconscious patients

A

Patients who faint should regain consciousness within a minute. If not regaining conciousness follow employer protocols.

36
Q

Venipuncture Steps

A
37
Q

Tourniquet Placement

A

Roughly 3” to 4” above the draw site

38
Q

Different forms of communication

A

Active listneing, non verbal communication, active response

39
Q

What cannot be centrifuged

A

CBC

40
Q

Importance of Waste tubes

A

Waste tubes clear the line of air and can flush out an additive from the vaccuneedle

41
Q

OSHA Definition

A

Occupational Safety and Health Administration

42
Q

STAT Definition

A

Immediately
(Latin statim)

43
Q

QNS Definition

A

Quantity not sufficient

44
Q

FUO Definition

A

Fever of Unknown Origin

45
Q

Layperson Terms Definition

A

Using words that someone who is not an expert can understand

46
Q

HIPAA Definition

A

Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act

47
Q

POCT Definition

A

Point of care testing

48
Q

LIS Definition

A

Laboratory Information System

49
Q

PHI Definition

A

Protected Health Information

50
Q

CDC Definition

A

Center for disease control

51
Q

MSDS Definition

A

Material safety data sheet

52
Q

SDS Definition

A

Safety Data Sheet

53
Q

CLSI Definition

A

Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute

54
Q

CLIA Definition

A

Clincal Laboratory Improvement Amendment of 1988

55
Q

TJC Definition

A

Tricellular Junction

56
Q

Basal State Definition

A

Fasting and refraining from strenuous exercise 8-12 hours before the draw

57
Q

Hemostasis Definition

A

The arrest of bleeding

58
Q

Hemolysis Definition

A

The breaking of red blood cell membranes which releases free hemoglobin into the blood

59
Q

SPS Definition

A

Sodium Polyanethole Sulfonate

60
Q

EDTA Definition

A

Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid -

Phlebotomy (3 decks)

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