Definitions and feedback -WC Flashcards

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1
Q

what is a flow/transfer

A

a link between one store or component and another, along which something moves

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2
Q

what is a store

A

a part of the system where something is held for a period of time

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3
Q

what is an input

A

a point where something is added to the system

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4
Q

output definition

A

the point where something is removed from the system

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5
Q

what is the system boundary

A

the edge of the system, the line between one system and another

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6
Q

example of inputs in a pond system

A

precipitation
leaf fall during autumn
seeds carried by winds

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7
Q

processes within the pond system

A

photosynthesis
infiltration
transpiration

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8
Q

stored within the pond system

A

water
soil
plants

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9
Q

outputs within the pond system

A

evaporation
seed dispersal
water infiltrating into soil below

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10
Q

what are the main 3 types of systems

A

open, closed and isolated

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11
Q

what is an open system

A

where matter and energy can be transferred from the system across the boundary into the surrounding environment (most ecosystems are an example)

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12
Q

what is a closed system

A

these have transfers of energy both into and beyond the system boundary but not the transfer of matter (eg sediment cells)

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13
Q

what is an isolated system

A

have no interactions with anything outside the system boundary. no input or output of energy or matter

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14
Q

what is the most common type of system

A

open

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15
Q

what is dynamic equilibrium

A

when there is a balance between the inputs and outputs in a system

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16
Q

what is positive feedback

A

where the effects of an action (eg the increase of CO2) are amplified by subsequent knock-on effects

17
Q

what is negative feedback

A

where the effects of an action are nullified by its subsequent knock-on effects

18
Q

example of negative feedback (with the stages)

A

increased use of fossil fuels = increase in atmospheric CO2= global temperature increase = more plant growth= increased uptake of CO2= reduction in atmospheric CO2= reduced global temperatures

19
Q

what are the 5 subsystems on earth

A
atmosphere
lithosphere (geology)
hydrosphere
biosphere
cryosphere