Definitions & Acronyms

Question 1

3 Prime End

Answer 1

The starting end of the polynucleotide

Question 2

5 Prime End

Answer 2

the end of the polynucleotide

Question 3

3’ end

Answer 3

3 prime end

Question 4

5’ end

Answer 4

5 prime end

Question 5

Adenine

Answer 5

nitrogenous base pair complentary with Thyamine or Uracil

Question 6

A

Answer 6

Adenine

Question 7

antiparallel

Answer 7

the opposite of parallel (flipped on one side)

Question 8

base pair

Answer 8

mitrogneous bases that complement each other (A+T/U or C+G)

Question 9

Chargaff’s Rule

Answer 9

In DNA the %C of A is equal to the %C of T and the %C of G is equal to the %C of C.

Question 10

%C

Answer 10

percent composisiton

Question 11

T

Answer 11

Thymine

Question 12

U

Answer 12

Uracil

Question 13

C

Answer 13

Cytosine

Question 14

Cytosine

Answer 14

a nitrogenous base pair complenentry with guanine

Question 15

deoxyribose

Answer 15

a ribose that is missing an oxygen

Question 16

ribose

Answer 16

a 5 carbon sugar

Question 17

DNA

Answer 17

deoxyribonucleic acid

Question 18

deoxyribonucleic acid

Answer 18

a biological macromolecule composed of nucleotides containing deoxyriboses, phosphate groups and nitrogenous base pairs.

Question 19

dsDNA

Answer 19

double stranded DNA

Question 20

double stranded DNA

Answer 20

double helix

Question 21

ssDNA

Answer 21

single stranded DNA

Question 22

single stranded DNA

Answer 22

the result of splitting a double helix in order to replicate

Question 23

Guanine

Answer 23

a nitrogenous base pair complentry with cytosine

Question 24

G

Answer 24

guanine

Question 25

helix

Answer 25

a 3D spiral

Question 26

hydrogen bond

Answer 26

a weak bond of hydrogens between a partially negative and positive charged atom

Question 27

Nucleotides

Answer 27

a repeating unit of nucleic acids composed of sugar bonded with phosphate and a nitrogenous base

Question 28

purines

Answer 28

a chemical structure of a double fused carbon ring (A & G)

Question 29

pyrimides

Answer 29

a chemical structure of a single carbon ring (C & T)

Question 30

Ribonucleic acid

Answer 30

a macromolecule composed of nucliotides that contain ribose

Question 31

RNA

Answer 31

ribonnucleic acid

Question 32

thymine

Answer 32

a nitrogenous base pair complentry with adenine

Question 33

uracil

Answer 33

a nitrogenous base pair complentry with adenine

Question 34

X-ray diffraction

Answer 34

analyze structure of bio. molecules

Question 35

Chromatin

Answer 35

a non-condensed form of genetic material in a eukaryotic cell

Question 36

Chromosomes

Answer 36

a stand-like complex of nucleic acids and protein tightly bound together

Question 37

Gene

Answer 37

a unit of hereditary that determines a genetic trait through the production of DNA proteins and RNA molecules

Question 38

genome

Answer 38

a complete genetic makeup/ total DNA sequance of an organism

Question 39

histone

Answer 39

a protein that helps to compact DNA

Question 40

helicase

Answer 40

an enzyme that unwindes the DNA during DNA replication