Definitions

Question 1

Resonance

Answer 1

delocalization of pi electron density

Question 2

Nucleophile

Answer 2

electron pair acceptor or Lewis Acid

Question 3

Electrophile

Answer 3

electron pair donor or Lewis Base

Question 4

Electronegativity

Answer 4

ability of an atom to accept or attract electron density

Question 5

Octet Rule

Answer 5

bonding to achieve noble gas electron configuration

Question 6

Mechanism

Answer 6

step-by-step sequence in which a chemical transformation occurs. Shown with curved arrows and detailed reaction intermediates

Question 7

Functional group

Answer 7

characteristic group of atoms/bonds that show a predictable chemical behavior

Question 8

Curved arrow

Answer 8

represents electron flow

Question 9

BronstedAcid:

Answer 9

proton donor

Question 10

BronstedBase

Answer 10

proton acceptor

Question 11

Nomenclature

Answer 11

system of rules for naming compounds

Question 12

Constitutionalisomer

Answer 12

same molecular formula with different atomic connectivity and physical properties

Question 13

Stereoisomer

Answer 13

same atomic connectivity but different spatial orientation

Question 14

Induction

Answer 14

creation of partial charges in bonds due to electron rich or electron poor atoms and/or stabilization of partial charges through sigma bonds and electron density

Question 15

Steric Hindrance

Answer 15

slowing or preventing reactivity due to bulky groups that occupy the same space

Question 16

Polarizability

Answer 16

ability of an atom to distribute its electron density unevenly as a result of external influences

Question 17

Enthalpy

Answer 17

heat of reaction or measure of exchange between a chemical system and its surroundings

Question 18

Exothermic reactions

Answer 18

transfer of energy from the system to the surroundings

Question 19

Endothermic reactions

Answer 19

transfer of energy from the surroundings to the chemical system

Question 20

Transition state

Answer 20

peak on an energy coordinate diagram that represents the bonds forming and breaking simultaneously to create the next reaction intermediate