Definitions Flashcards

1
Q

atrial flutter classification: paroxysmal, persistent, long-standing persistent, permanent

A
o	paroxysmal (lasting less than 7 days, terminating either spontaneously or with treatment)
o	persistent (sustained longer than 7 days or requiring treatment to terminate)
o	long-standing persistent (lasting continuously longer than 1 year)
o	permanent (long-standing where a decision has been made not to try to restore normal sinus rhythm)
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2
Q

Massive transfusion protocol

A

> 10 units of PRBC within 24 hours

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3
Q

MTP Pack

A

6U PRBC 4U FFP; 1 5pack platelet

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4
Q

Abdominal aortic aneurysm

A

aorta ≥3.0 cm in diameter; repair is considered for an aneurysm ≥5.0 cm in diameter.

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5
Q

acute cough; subacute cough; chronic cough

A

acute cough <3 weeks; Subacute cough 3-8 weeks; Chronic cough >8 weeks

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6
Q

chronic vs acute sinusitis

A

Chronic sinusitis >3month; Acute bacterial sinusitis <30 days

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7
Q

acute vs chronic lung abscess

A

Acute Lung abscesses present for <1 month; Chronic Lung abscess present for >1 month

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8
Q

Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis definition

A

resistance to at least INH and RIF

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9
Q

Extensive drug-resistant tuberculosis definition

A

resistance to INH, RIF, any fluoroquinolone, and at least one injectable second-line medication exists

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10
Q

hiccups classification

A

lf-limited for <48 hours; persistent >48 hours, intractable if >1 month

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11
Q

Hypoxia vs Hypoxemia

A
  • Hypoxia - insufficient alveolar oxygen content or insufficient delivery of oxygen to the tissues.
  • Hypoxemia - abnormally low arterial oxygen tension (defined as a Pao2 <60 mm Hg or <8 kPa).
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12
Q

asthma severitiy

A

Asthma PEF ≥70% mild; 40-69% moderate; <40% severe; <25%life threatening

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13
Q

copd severity

A

COPD FEV1 ≥ 80% mild; 50-79% moderate; 30-49% severe; <30% very severe

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14
Q

acute vs chronic diarrhea

A

Diarrhea is acute (<3 weeks) or chronic (>3 weeks).

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15
Q

Six cardinal movements

A

1) engagement, (2) flexion, (3) descent, (4) internal rotation, (5) extension, and (6) external rotation

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16
Q

neonates definition

A

infants ≤1 month old, or preterm infants within 30 days of their term due date

17
Q

Fever in the first month of life definition

A

rectal temperature ≥38°C (100.4°F)

18
Q

fever definition

A

single oral temperature >38.3°C (101°F) or multiple temperatures ≥38.0°C (100.4°F) separated by more than 1 hour.

19
Q

neutropenic fever definition

A

≥38.3°C once or 38°C >2x measured 1h apart

20
Q

colic definition

A

≥3 hours per day for ≥3 days per week over a 3-week period

21
Q

Orthostatic hypotension definition

A

drop of >20 mm Hg in blood pressure with an increase in heart rate of >20 beats/min when the child changes from a supine position to a standing position

22
Q

Hypoglycemia definition

A

blood glucose of <47 milligrams/dL (2.65 mmol/L); severe <36 milligrams/dL (2 mmol/L)

23
Q

Staccato cough, afebrile pneumonitis

A

chlamydia trachomatis

24
Q

Hacking dry cough, CNS involvement and arthralgia

A

mycoplasma pneumonia

25
Q

Chronic lymphadenopathy definition

A

> 6 weeks without resolution

26
Q

Stridor in <6mon differentials

A

laryngotracheomalacia, vocal cord paralysis, subglottic stenosis, airway hemangioma, vascular ring/sling

27
Q

Stridor in <6mon differentials

A

croup, epiglottitis, bacterial tracheitis, FOB aspiration, retropharyngeal abscess

28
Q

Refractory status epilepticus definition

A

persistent seizure activity despite the IV administration of adequate amounts of two antiepileptic agents and usually exceeds 60 minutes

29
Q

Chronic migraine

A

≥5 migraine headache days per month over the past 3 months

30
Q

Status Epilepticus

A

seizure activity ≥5 minutes, or two or more seizures without regaining consciousness between seizures

31
Q

due to barotrauma from rapidly increasing then decreasing atmospheric pressure, resulting in compression and shearing injuries in gas- filled structures such as the lung, ears, and bowels

A

Primary blast injury

32
Q

blunt or penetrating injuries due to materials thrown from the explosive casing

A

Secondary blast injuries

33
Q

injuries sustained as a result of being thrown from the blast site or due to structural collapse.

A

Tertiary injuries

34
Q

burns, inhalational injuries, and radiation that can occur as a result of the explosion and combustible materials

A

Quaternary injuries

35
Q

separation of the interosseous membrane connecting two syndesmotic joints

A

Diastasis

36
Q

simple contusion of the nerve, and normal function is usually expected to return in weeks to months.

A

Neurapraxia

37
Q

severe crush injury to the nerve that may also heal, but over time

A

Axonotmesis

38
Q

severed nerve and requires surgical repair and all functions will be absent

A

Neurotmesis