Definitions

Question 1

Crust

Answer 1

The outermost shell of Earth.

Question 2

Mantel

Answer 2

The mostly-solid bulk of Earth’s interior.

Question 3

Outer Core

Answer 3

The layer surrounding the inner core.

Question 4

Tectonic plates

Answer 4

A massive, irregularly shaped slab of solid rock.

Question 5

Conservative plate boundary

Answer 5

Where plates slide past each other in opposite directions

Question 6

Divergent plate boundary

Answer 6

When plates move away from each other.

Question 7

Collision plate boundary

Answer 7

When plates collide with each other.

Question 8

Destructive plate boundary

Answer 8

When one plate slides underneath the other.

Question 9

Convection currents

Answer 9

When the molten rock in the mantle, act like a conveyor belt for the plates.

Question 10

Volcano

Answer 10

An opening in Earth’s crust that allows molten rock from beneath the crust to reach the surface.

Question 11

Earthquake

Answer 11

Shaking and vibration of the Earth’s crust due to movement of the Earth’s plates.

Question 12

Tsunami

Answer 12

A series of waves caused by earthquakes or undersea volcanic eruptions.

Question 13

Composite volcano

Answer 13

Made up of alternating layers of lava and ash.

Question 14

Shield Volcano

Answer 14

A wide volcano with shallowly-sloping sides.

Question 15

Cyclone

Answer 15

A large scale air mass that rotates around a strong center of low atmospheric pressure.

Question 16

Anticyclone

Answer 16

An area of high atmospheric pressure where the air is sinking.

Question 17

Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ)

Answer 17

The region that circles the Earth, near the equator, where the trade winds of the Northern and Southern Hemispheres come together.

Question 18

Troposphere

Answer 18

Troposphere is the lowest layer of Earth’s atmosphere.

Question 19

Hadley Cell

Answer 19

The low-latitude overturning circulations that have air rising at the equator and air sinking at roughly 30° latitude.

Question 20

Ferrel Cell

Answer 20

Model of the mid-latitude segment of Earth’s wind circulation.

Question 21

Primary Effects

Answer 21

Effects resulting directly from the event itself.

Question 22

Secondary Effects

Answer 22

Effects resulting from the primary effects.

Question 23

Richter Scale

Answer 23

A measure of earthquake strength.

Question 24

Aftershocks

Answer 24

Smaller tremors occurring after an earthquake.