Definitions Flashcards
What is a covalent bond?
The bond between 2 non-metalatoms that share one or more pairs of electrons
What is an ionic bond?
The electrostatic force of attraction between positively and negatively charged ions
What is a dot and cross diagram?
A diagram showing only the arrangement of the outer shell electrons of the atoms or ions in a substance
What is a giant lattice structure?
A huge 3D network of atoms or ions
What is an ion?
A charged particle formed by the loss or gain of electrons
What are intermolecular forces?
The attraction between the individual molecules in a covalently bonded substance
What are polymers?
A substance made from very large molecules made up of many repeating units
What are giant covalent structures?
A huge 3D network of covalently bonded atoms
What are delocalised electrons?
Bonding electron that is no longer associated with any one particular atom
What are fullerines?
Form of the element carbon that can exist as large cage-like structures, based on hexagonal rings of carbon atoms
What is an alloy?
A mixture of two or more elements, at least one of which is a metal
What is an atom?
The smallest neutral part of an element
that can take part in chemical reactions.
What is an element?
They are made up of one type of atom.
Substances that cannot be split up into
simpler substances.
What is a compound?
Different elements/different atoms that
are chemically combined together (by
chemical bonds ).
What is a molecule?
Two or more elements joined together (by
covalent bonds).
What is a mixture?
Two or more substances/elements/compounds that are
not chemically combined. They are mixed
together, they can usually be separated by
physical methods.
What is chemical change?
When a reaction occurs between two or
more substances to create a new
chemical.
What is physical change?
A change where no new substances are
formed. E.g. melting.
What is the nucleus?
The very small and dense central part of
an atom.
What is an electron?
A tiny particle with a negative charge.
What is a proton?
A tiny positively charged particle found
inside the nucleus of an atom.
What is a neutrron?
A dense particle found in the nucleus, it
carries no charge.
What is atomic number?
The number of protons in an atom.
What is mass number?
The number of protons plus neutrons in
the nucleus of an atom.
What is an isotope?
An isotope is atoms of the same element with the same number of protons and electrons but different number of neutrons
