Definitions Flashcards
Why do atoms have the same amount of protons and neutrons
Atoms are electronically neutral
What are isotopes
Atoms of the same element with the same number of protons but different number of neutrons
What does elements of the same group have in common
They have the same number of valence electrons and similar chemical properties
What are the stable nobel gas configurations
stable octet structure and a stable duplet structure
What are positively are negatively charges ions called
cations and anions
How are ionic compounds formed
when a positively charged cations reacts with a negatively charges anion
What are the Polyatomic ions and their charges?
Nitrate NO3- Hydroxide OH- Carbonate Co32- Sulfate SO42- Phosphate PO43-
What are covalent compounds?
atoms that share electrons
What are the diatomic molecules and its definition?
HONG7
Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Oxygen, Group 7.
Atoms of the same element that exists as 2 atoms
Name all the acids and the formulas
hydrochloric acid HCL, Nitric acid HNO3, Phosphoric acid PO4 2-, Sulfuric acid SO42- Ethanoic acid.
Definition of an acid
a substance that produces H+ ions when it is dissolved in water.
Properties of an acid
- Acids have a sour taste
- aqueous solutions of acids have a ph less than 7
- turn moist blue litmus paper red
- can conduct electricity when dissolved in water
- must be dissolved in water before it can exhibit acidic properties.
Definition of a base
Bases are substances that react with acid to form salt and water only.
-metal oxide and metal hydroxide compounds
Definition of a alkali
a molecule that ionises in water to form OH- ions
What are the properties of isotopes?
Isotopes have similar chemical properties but different physical properties.
