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Postcolonial Literatures and Cultures > Definitions > Flashcards

Definitions Flashcards

1
Q

Meaning of canonial counter-discourse?

A
  • destabilizes the power and knowledge of imperialism

It is a method to refuse classical past and postcolonial present the empire is trying to preserve
Rewriting classics

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2
Q

Writing Back paradigm

A

Three acts of liberation:
Canonial counter discourse
Oppositional use of language

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3
Q

Oppositional use of language

A

Appropriation

Ability to de- / reconstruct in line with postcolonial experience

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4
Q

Heterogeneity

A

Diverse in character and content

No single focus possible

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5
Q

Postcolonialism

A

All cultures affected by imperial process from point of colonization until the present day

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6
Q

Creole languages

A

Mixture of different languages

Used in communities

Acquired by children as native language

A stable language

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7
Q

Creole continuum

A

Speakers of creolen and standard english choose between registers that best fit the meaning or situation they are trying to convey

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8
Q

Pidgens

A

Contact languages without native speakers

Exist in addition to mother tongues

Limited in communitive range

Used for buisness/ trade reasons

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9
Q

Otherness

A

Social or psychological ways in which one group exclused or marginalizes another group

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10
Q

Ambivalence

A

Ambigous way in which colonizer and colonized regard themselves

Mixed sense of blessing or curse

Mix of inferior and enviable

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11
Q

Heterodiegenic narration

A

Narrator who is not a character in the story but hovers above it and knows everything about it

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12
Q

Double colonisation of women

A

Colonised twice through oppression of colonialism and through patriarchy

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13
Q

Colonial writing

A

Defined as literature written during time of colonization

Usually from point of view of colonizers

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14
Q

National writing

A

Sense of national identity to resist impact of colonialism

People past geographical borders share a identity

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15
Q

Hybridity

A

Cross between two races or cultures

Existing social processes mix to create new

Positive/resistive form of cultural translation

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16
Q

Colonial

A

Political condition of dependency

Control of cultural reproduction

Reflects norms and forms of the controlling culture

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17
Q

Mimicry

A

Ambivalent relationship between colonizer and colonized

Colonized produces blurred copy of colonizer

Habits, values etc.

Never far from mockery

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18
Q

Cartography

A

Process of cartography reinforces colonization

Naming/ renaming act of control and superiosity

Terra nullis

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19
Q

Abrogation

A

Denial of the priviledge of English

Refusal of the imperial culture

Regusal of its aestethic/ correct usage of language

20
Q

Appropriation

A

The process of remoulding a language

Language is used as a tool to express differing cultural experiences

21
Q

Result of imperial control through language

A

Alienation in linguistic and social fields

Gap between land and language

22
Q

Settler colonialism

A

Replacement of indigenous

With settler economics, society, language and politics

Designed to secure local markets and merchandise

23
Q

Diaspora

A

Voluntary of forced movement of people from their homeland to a new region

24
Q

Revisionist historiography

A

Reviewing revising history and view of colonial history provided by the imperial centre

25
Q

Anglophone Literatures

A

literatures in English

26
Q

Man Booker Prize

A

prestigious British literary Prize

  • represents the internationalization of English writing
  • includes all former British colonies
27
Q

Commonwealth of Nations

A

founded 1931, lose grouping, 53 nations

28
Q

characteristics of Colonialism

A

Occupation
conducted trade
exploitation of human and natural ressources
missionaries (Christian religion)

29
Q

‘work force’

A

Europeans needed workforce to do labour, and basically imported slaves mainly from Africa to do labor

30
Q

Brief history of British Empire

A
  1. journey of exploration: England leading sea power
  2. founding of British Colonies Americe (East India Company, Hudson Bay company); slave trade
  3. loss of American colony, settlement in Australia
  4. 19th Century: height of Empire, Queen Victoria Empress of India
  5. long process of decolonisation, withdrawal after WW2
  6. Postwar immigration to Britain, ethincally diverse population
31
Q

Nationalist movements and literature/Culture

A

nations are imagines countries— Benedict Anderson

independent, free nation is the goal

nation has to be rehearsed and reinvented (symbolism like anthems and flags)

32
Q

Postcolonial Studies, three main points

A
  1. rereading and relearning the colonial/ imperialist period of Britain
  2. overcoming former hierachies
  3. it is a interdisciplinary subject

deal with legacies of culture and economics

33
Q

Commonwealth Literature

A

British literature not included (invisible centre)
generally rejected term
India/ Africa never been part of the Commonwealth of Nations
its a political term

34
Q

New English Literatures and Cultures

A

good: plural, points out the diversity
bad: ‘new’, counts out the postcolonial literature during colonisation

35
Q

Anglophone Postcolonial Literatures and Cultures

A

postcolonial has established as the proper term, means ‘after’ independence

36
Q

What do the Postcolonial Literatures have in common?

A

they have special and distinctive regional characteristics BUT
that in their present form they all emerged from the experience of colonization
enphazise their differences from the assumptions the imperial centre has

37
Q

Areas of Study of POCO

A
  1. Anglophone literatures and cultures in former British Colonies (convict narratives, apartheid nation
  2. British literature and culture reflecting Britains postcolonial position
  3. Empire writing and culture (travel reports)
  4. Ethnic minority literatures and cultures in Britain
38
Q

terra nullis

A

nobodys land

39
Q

Robinson Crusoe

A

writes journal, talks to his parrot
tries to produce sameness, wants to project englishness on the person, but fails
(concept of mimicry)

failed to produce sameness, created ambivalence

40
Q

Anglo- english Literature

A

written by MRI’s= non- resident Indians

diaspora

41
Q

magic realism

A

fusion of realistic and fantastical elements

42
Q

Indo- English Literature

A

written by Indian residents

43
Q

Danger of a single Story

A

stories can empower/dispower

show only one thing over and over again
emphazise otherness/ create stereotypes

44
Q

historiographic metafiction

A

metafiction: reminds the reader through structure abd literary devices that it is fiction

historical fiction: plot takes place in the past

constant self-reflexitiy and concern with history

certain known details about past deli. falsified to emphaz. error of rec. history

rediscovers histories of surpressed people

45
Q

chutnification of history

A

metaphor for historiography and memory

Postcolonial Literatures and Cultures (10 decks)

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