Definitions

Question 1

Define endemic

Answer 1

Persistent level of disease occurence

Question 2

Define hyper-endemic

Answer 2

Persistently high levels of disease occurence

Question 3

Define epidemic

Answer 3

Occurence of a disease within an area in excess of what is expected

Question 4

Define sporadic

Answer 4

Irregular pattern of disease occurence

Question 5

Define pandemic

Answer 5

An epidemic widespread over several countries

Question 6

Define outbreak

Answer 6

2 or more linked cases of a disease

Question 7

Define infectious dose

Answer 7

The quantity of microorganisms needed to produce an infection in a host

Question 8

Define infectivity

Answer 8

Proportion of people exposed to a pathogen who have become infected

Question 9

Define pathogenicity

Answer 9

Proportion of infected persons who actually develop the disease

Question 10

Define virulence

Answer 10

Proportion of infected persons who develop the disease and die

Question 11

Define incidence

Answer 11

The number of new cases occuring over a given time period in a defined population at risk

Question 12

Define prevalence

Answer 12

Number of existing cases at a given point in time in a defined population at risk

Question 13

Define emerging infection

Answer 13

Infections that have newly appeared in a population or have previously existed but are rapidly increasing in incidence/geographical range