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Marine Botany > Definitions > Flashcards

Definitions Flashcards

1
Q

Hydrophyte

A

Live in water partial/full submersion

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2
Q

Xerophyte

A

Salt tolerant plant

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3
Q

Thallophyte

A

Plant that lacks roots stems and leaves

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4
Q

Algae

A

Thallophytes with chlorophyll a, lack covering of cells around reproductive cells

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5
Q

Allochthonous input

A

Input from an external source/different ecosystem

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6
Q

Thylakoid

A

Flattened vesicles, pigments are found in its membrane

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7
Q

Stroma

A

Space between inner membrane and thylakoids

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8
Q

Granum(grana)

A

Stacks of thylakoids

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9
Q

Pyrenoid

A

Carbon concentration mechanism for CO2 fixation

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10
Q

Chlorophyll

A

Green pigments

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11
Q

Carotenoids

A

Brown/Yellow/Red pigments

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12
Q

Phycobilins

A

Red/Blue pigments

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13
Q

P-E curve

A

Rate of photosynthesis over increasing light intensity

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14
Q

Plastid

A

Photosynthetic organelle

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15
Q

Chloroplast

A

Photosynthetic organelle with Chl a and b

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16
Q

Spore

A

Unicellular product of mt/me, must settle and grow

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17
Q

Gamete

A

Unicellular product of mt/me, must fuse or die

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18
Q

Sporophyte

A

Releases spores, diploid 2N

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19
Q

Gametophyte

A

Releases gametes, haploid 1N

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20
Q

Mitospore

A

2N spore from mitosis

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21
Q

Meiospore

A

1N spore from meiosis

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22
Q

Haplontic

A

1n thallus, only diploid stage is in zygote

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23
Q

Diplontic

A

2N thallus, only haploid stage is gametes “animal like”

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24
Q

Alteration of generations

A

Org. has separate multicellular diploid and haploid stages

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25
Q

Diplohaplontic

A

A heteromorphic form of alt. of gen. where the 2n sporophyte is larger

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26
Q

Haplodiplontic

A

A heteromorphic form of alt. of gen. where the 1N gametophyte is larger

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27
Q

Isomorphic

A

A form of alt. of gen. where the 1N and 2N thallus are the same size

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28
Q

Unicell

A

Solitary cell, non/motile

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29
Q

Colony

A

Assemblage of individual cells, can be predictable/variable #, flagellated or non-motile

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30
Q

Filamentous, uniseriate or multi-

A

Daughter cells stay attached following division, form chain
Uni- cells occur in single row
Multi- several rows in a long. series, occur in one or two planes

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31
Q

Siphononous

A

One large multi-nuclear cell without crosswalls

Dead mans fingers (Codium)

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32
Q

Medulla

A

Unpigmented cells

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33
Q

Cortex

A

Pigmented cells

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34
Q

Parenchyma

A

Undifferentiated isodiametric cells, generated by a meristem

In any plane NOT FILAMENTOUS

35
Q

Pseudoparenchyma

A

Interwoven filaments, resembles parenchyma

36
Q

Polysiphonous

A

Tiers of vertically elongated cells, arranged transversely around central axis/siphon

37
Q

Cortication

A

Outer covering of cells

38
Q

Sorus (pl. sori)

A

Cluster of sporangia

39
Q

Prostrate/Procumbent

A

Trailing on ground, non-erect

40
Q

Foliose

A

Sheet of cells that are bladelike without a stipe

41
Q

Monostromatic

A

One cell thick

42
Q

Bladed

A

Flattened leaf like thallus, may have stipe

43
Q

Stipitate

A

Having a stipe

44
Q

Saccate

A

Sac-like

45
Q

Pneumatocysts
Catenate
Singly

A

Large gas containing float
In a series
Appear as single

46
Q

Midrib

A

Thickened longitudinal axis of flattened branch or blade

47
Q

Midvein

A

Median line of cells, blade is thicker

48
Q

Tubular

A

Tube of cells with hollow center

49
Q

Branched

A

Axillary divisions

50
Q

Saxicolous

A

Growing on rocks

51
Q

Epipelic

A

Growing in sand or mud

52
Q

Epiphytic

A

Growing on a plant

53
Q

Epizoic

A

Growing on an animal

54
Q

Anticlinal

A

Cell division perpendicular to algae surface

55
Q

Periclinal

A

Cell division parallel to surface of plant

56
Q

E

A

Irrandiance, energy falling on a flat surface

57
Q

Euryhaline

A

Species handle wide salinity range

58
Q

Stenohaline

A

Species survive narrow range of salinities

59
Q

Littoral zone

A

Intertidal, area of tide change

60
Q

Supralittoral

A

Above mean high water, rarely submerged

61
Q

Sublittoral

A

Below mean low water, permanently submerged

62
Q

Spring tide

A

Sun and moon in same plane, more extreme tidal change

63
Q

Neap tide

A

Moon and sun perpendicular planes, minor tidal change

64
Q

Inducible defense

A

Turn on and off

65
Q

Constitutive defense

A

Always on

66
Q

Allelochemicals

A

Compounds that function as antifouling agents or herbivore deterrents

67
Q

Exploitative

A

Scramble for limiting resource

68
Q

Interference

A

Interactions between organisms

69
Q

Plantae

A

Group- plastid has two membranes due to primary endysymbiotic effect

70
Q

Isogamy

A

Sexual fusion of flag. gametes, similar in size and shape

71
Q

Anisogamy

A

Sexual fusion of flag. gametes, different sizes

72
Q

Oogamy

A

Sexual fusion of flag. gamete and non flag. gamete (egg and sperm)

73
Q

Holocarpic reproduction

A

Entire thallus turns into gametes

74
Q

Trabeculae

A

Ingrowths of wall material(inc. support)

75
Q

Sporangia

A

Structure where spores are found

Browns only

76
Q

Gametangia

A

Structure where gametes are formed

Browns only

77
Q

Unilocular(unangia)

A

All spores/gametes are produced in single compartment

78
Q

Plurilocular(plurangia)

A

Divided into small chambers with one spore/gamete per chamber

79
Q

Functional anisogamy

A

Gametes look the same but act differenty

Browns- F releases pheromone

80
Q

Receptacle

A

Swollen fucoid tips, site of meiosis, contains conceptacles

81
Q

Conceptacle

Monoecious/Dioecious

A

Chambers that store gametes

Male and female in same conceptacle(one house)/Male and female in different conceptacle(two houses)

82
Q

Oogonia

A

Female reproductive cell with one or more egg

83
Q

Antheridia

A

Male reproductive structure producing sperm

Marine Botany (2 decks)

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