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CS > Definitions > Flashcards

Definitions Flashcards

1
Q

ADDRESS BUS

A

Carries the address of a memory location currently being read from or written to.

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2
Q

APPLICATION S/W

A

Software written to perform user tasks

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3
Q

BATCH OS

A

A process runs from beginning to end without user intervention

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4
Q

BAUD RATE

A

Number of voltage changes per second. One baud ≈ One bit/s

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5
Q

BIT RATE

A

Number of bits per second

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6
Q

BUS

A

A set of wires connecting components

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7
Q

CHECK DIGIT

A

Calculated using the data and a special algorithm and appended to the original data to check integrity

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8
Q

CLI

A

Command Line Interface. User has to type in commands e.g. DOS

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9
Q

COMPILER

A

Whole source code translated into object code (executable file) in one go

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10
Q

DATA BUS

A

Carries the data currently being read or written

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11
Q

FOREIGN KEY

A

An attribute in one table and the primary key in another (linking the two tables)

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12
Q

HANDSHAKING

A

An exchange of signals to establish that one device is ready to send and another ready to receive data

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13
Q

HARDWARE

A

The physical components of the computer

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14
Q

HCI

A

Human Computer Interface. Interaction between the user and the computer

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15
Q

IMPERATIVE HLL

A

Computer executes instructions in programmer defined sequence

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16
Q

INDEX

A

An alphabetical list of a particular attribute

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17
Q

INTEGRATED PACKAGE

A

One program with several functions (e.g. MS Works)

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18
Q

INTEGRITY OF DATA

A

Making sure data is accurate/valid

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19
Q

INTERACTIVE OS

A

Computer and user are in direct two-way communication

20
Q

INTERPRETER

A

Translates and executes code one line at a time

21
Q

INTRANET

A

A company-wide internet

22
Q

LAN

A

Local Area Network. A number of computers connected together on one site

23
Q

NETWORK OS

A

Allows a number of computers to be connected together so they can share resources

24
Q

OS

A

An interface between the user and the hardware controlling the running of the machine

25
Q

PARALLEL

A

Bits sent down several wires simultaneously

26
Q

PARITY

A

The most significant bit of a byte set to 0 or 1 to used for error detection (odd/even)

27
Q

PEER TO PEER LAN

A

Network where all computers have equal status. There are no dedicated servers

28
Q

PROTOCOL

A

A set of rules governing the ways computers communicate

29
Q

PSEUDO REAL-TIME OS

A

A response is required within a few seconds (almost immediately)

30
Q

RANDOM (DIRECT) FILE

A

Records written at an address calculated by hashing the key field

31
Q

REAL-TIME OS

A

A response is required immediately

32
Q

RELATIONAL DATABASE

A

A collection of tables linked together

33
Q

SECURITY OF DATA

A

Making sure data is safe

34
Q

SEQUENTIAL FILE

A

Records written in key order

35
Q

SERIAL

A

Bits sent along a single wire one at a time

36
Q

SERIAL FILE

A

Records written one after the other in no particular order

37
Q

SERVER BASED LAN

A

Network in which security, administration and other functions are provided by dedicated servers

38
Q

SOFTWARE

A

Programs which run on the computer

39
Q

SOFTWARE SUITE

A

Several separate programs sold as one package (e.g. MS Office)

40
Q

SYSTEM S/W

A

Layer of software which enables the user to operate a computer

41
Q

VALIDATION

A

Process of checking whether data is sensible/reasonable

42
Q

VERIFICATION

A

Process of entering data twice, with the second entry compared against the first entry to ensure accuracy

43
Q

WAN

A

A number of computers connected together over a large geographical area

44
Q

WIMP

A

Windows, Icons, Mouse and Pull-down menus

45
Q

WORD

A

The number of bits that can be manipulated in one go

46
Q

OBJECT CODE

A

Code produced by an assembler or compiler

CS (2 decks)

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