DEFINITIONS

Question 1

Diffusion

Answer 1

The net movement of particles from where they are at a higher to where they are at a lower concentration.

Question 2

Osmosis

Answer 2

The net movement of water from a solution with a higher to lower water potential through a partially permeable membrane.

Question 3

Phagocytosis

Answer 3

The uptake of SOLIDS by vesicle formation.

Example:
Ingestion of bacteria by white blood cells

Question 4

Water Potential

Answer 4

The pressure exerted by water molecules as they collide with a membrane or container.

Question 5

Endocytosis (Importing)

Answer 5

An active transportation of large materials in bulk by vesicles from OUTSIDE the cell to the INSIDE.

Question 6

Exocytosis

Answer 6

An active transportation of large materials in bulk by vesicles from INSIDE the cell to the OUTSIDE.

Example:
Secretion of amylase from salivary glands

Question 7

Pinocytosis

Answer 7

The uptake of FLUIDS by vesicle formation.

Example:
Lipid absorption by epithelial cells of small intestine

Question 8

ATP (Adenosine triphosphate)

Answer 8

• Molecule used to store energy temporarily in organisms.

- Can be broken down to adenosine diphosphate + phosphate to release energy to drive metabolic processes.

Question 9

Active transport

Answer 9

Movement of substances across membranes against their concentration gradient, requiring the use of energy in the form of ATP.

Active transport usually involves the use of transport proteins.