Definitions

Question 1

Family

Answer 1

groups of related people, bound by connections that are biological, legal, or emotional.

Question 2

Institutional arena

Answer 2

a social space in which relations between people in common positions are governed by accepted rules of interaction.

Question 3

Consensus perspective

Answer 3

a perspective that projects an image of society as the collective expression of shared norms and values

Question 4

Conflict perspective

Answer 4

the view that opposition and conflict define a given society and are necessary for social evolution

Question 5

Feminism

Answer 5

a theory that seeks to understand and ultimately reduce inequality between men and women.

Question 6

Structural functionalism

Answer 6

theory assumes that there is a good reason for things to be the way they are and tries to explain them based on this premise.

Question 7

Exchange theory

Answer 7

the theory that individuals or groups with different resources, strengths, and weaknesses enter into mutual relationships to maximize their own gains.

Question 8

Modernity theory

Answer 8

a theory of the historical emergence of the individual as an actor in society and how individuality changed personal and institutional relations.

Question 9

Companionate marriage

Answer 9

a view of marriage as a companionship, a friendship, and a romance, rather than as a practical platform for cooperation and survival.

Question 10

Ethnicity

Answer 10

a group of people with a common cultural identification, based on a combination of language, religion, ancestral origin, or traditional practices.

Question 11

Racial ethnicity

Answer 11

an ethnic group perceived to share physical characteristics.

Question 12

Acculturation

Answer 12

the acquisition of a new culture and language

Question 13

Assimilation

Answer 13

the gradual reduction of ethnic distinction between immigrants and the mainstream society.

Question 14

Division of labor

Answer 14

the social process of determining who does what work and for what rewards.

Question 15

Social capital

Answer 15

the access to resources one has by virtue of relationships and connections within a social network.

Question 16

Social mobility

Answer 16

the movement, up or down, between social classes

Question 17

Exploitation

Answer 17

the process by which the labor of some produces wealth that is controlled by others

Question 18

Coverture

Answer 18

a legal doctrine that lasted until the late 19th century, under which wives were incorporated into their husbands’ citizenship.

Question 19

Courtship

Answer 19

the mate selection process in which couples begin a relationship with supervised contact in public, then proceed to additional dates in the woman’s home and then to marriage if the parents approve.

Question 20

Sex vs. Gender

Answer 20

Sex: ones biological category based on anatomy and physiology
Gender: the social realization of biological sex

Question 21

Socialization

Answer 21

the process by which individuals internalize elements of the social structure, making those elements part of their own personality.

Question 22

War Brides Act

Answer 22

(1945) US military men married local woman from Europe and Asia and the act permitted the immigration of their wives and children and later extended to Korean wives of US soldiers in the Korean war.

Question 23

Amendments to the immigration and nationality act:

Answer 23

these amendments lifted restrictions on the immigration of spouses, children and parents of US citizens. Ended the country-based quota system.

Question 24

Wong Kim Ark

Answer 24

He was born in San Francisco and attempted to visit his parents in China. On his return back the Chinese Exclusion act declared that he could be a citizen because his parents were Chinese. In the end the US Supreme Court sided with him and declared his citizenship by birth