Definitions

Question 1

Hemoptysis

Answer 1

Coughing up blood

Question 2

Pulmonary Function Tests (PFT)

Answer 2

Measure lung volumes, airflow rates and ability of lungs to transfer gas across the alveolar-capillary membrane

Question 3

Diffusion

Answer 3

Transfer gas across the alveolar-capillary membrane

Question 4

Tidal volume

Answer 4

Amount of air inhaled and exhaled at rest (350-500mL)

Question 5

Inspiratory capacity

Answer 5

Beginning of normal inhalation to maximum inspiration

Question 6

Inspiratory reserve volume (IRV)

Answer 6

Volume measures from ‘top’ of TV to maximum inspiration

Question 7

Expiratory reserve volume (ERV)

Answer 7

Volume measured from the ‘bottom’ of TV to maximum expiration

Question 8

Vital capacity (VC)

Answer 8

Volume of air measured from full inspiration to maximum expiration

Question 9

Total lung capacity (TLC)

Answer 9

VC + RV

Question 10

Residual volume (RV)

Answer 10

The amount of air left in the lungs following full exhalation

Question 11

Functional residual capacity

Answer 11

Amount of gas remaining in the lungs at the end of the tidal volume

Question 12

Forced vital capacity (FVC)

Answer 12

Following full inspiration, patient exhales as rapidly as possible, forcibly and completely- volume of air exhaled is measured. normal > or = to 80% predicted.

Question 13

FEV1

Answer 13

Amount of air forcibly exhaled in 1st second during the FVC maneuver. normal > or = to 80% predicted.

Question 14

FEV1/FVC ratio

Answer 14

Helps identify presence of obstructive disease when reduced. Percentage reduction correlates with severity of obstruction; normal is 75-80+%.

Question 15

Peak expiratory flow rate

Answer 15

Assessment of air flow in patients with persistent forms of asthma

Question 16

Pulse oximetry

Answer 16

Measures per cent oxygenation of hemoglobin (oxyhemoglobin).