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Product Design > definitions > Flashcards

definitions Flashcards

1
Q

Renewable material/resource

A

A material that comes from plants or animals eg. Parana pine, leather

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2
Q

Anthropometrics

A

The study of human measurements

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3
Q

Ergonomics

A

Making sure that the product/environment work efficiently

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4
Q

Manufacturing tolerance

A

The acceptable difference from standard (sizes)

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5
Q

Quality Assurance

A

The system set up to make sure products are always faultless

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6
Q

Quality control

A

Checking products/components meet the specifications

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7
Q

Consumer pull/ Market Pull

A

when consumers drive the development of new products

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8
Q

Technology push

A

Science/research driven new product development

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9
Q

Sustainability

A

meeting the needs of today without compromising the needs of the future
or
A sustainable process or material is one that can be used without causing permanent damage to the environment or using up finite resources.

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10
Q

Finishing techniques

A

Making surface suitable for use- protecting from dirt or damage/ to improve its looks

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11
Q

Standard stock form

A

The forms/sizes you purchase materials in eg. Rods, granules

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12
Q

Design protection / Patents

A

Legal protection for the product/invention being copied

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13
Q

Production line

A

Making/ manufacturing products using efficient system often in a factory environment

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14
Q

Risk assessment

A

Assessing the dangers when working

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15
Q

Product modelling

A

Making model to assess shape and form- usually from cheap, readily available materials

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16
Q

Prototype

A

A very detailed working model

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17
Q

Design features

A

Areas which need careful consideration

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18
Q

Design movement

A

Styles in history or the present which have similar features eg. Color, shape, inspiration eg. Memphis/ Art Deco

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19
Q

Just in Time (JIT)

A

relating to mass production- parts arrive just when needed for a specific order- they are not held in storage in a warefouse

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20
Q

Stock control

A

Managing materials throughout the production

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21
Q

Bar code

A

a machine-readable code in the form of numbers and a pattern of parallel lines of varying widths, printed on a commodity and used especially for stock control.

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22
Q

Design criteria

A

Features which must be included to make a product successful

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23
Q

Renewable material/resource

A

A material that comes from plants or animals eg. Parana pine, leather

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24
Q

Non-renewable material/resource

A

A raw material cannot be replaced eg. Oil or coal

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25
Q

Smart material

A

Materials which change their properties in response to the environment (e.g. themochromic pigments)

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26
Q

Material properties

A

How materials perform in use eg. Toughness, flexibility etc.

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27
Q

Product marketing

A

How companies try to sell their products eg. Advertising or giving out free samples

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28
Q

Brand identity

A

Making customers aware of company

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29
Q

Scale of production

A

a number of products made together (mass/ batch/ continous etc.)

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30
Q

Product evolution

A

How products develop over time (think about mobile phones)

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31
Q

British Standards Institute (BSI) kitemark

A

the product has been tested by the BSI for quality and safety. The product can display a kitemark

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32
Q

Conformité Européene symbol (CE)

A

the product meets minimum European standards- this is lower than the kitemark

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33
Q

Composite material

A

A combination of a matrix and a reinforcement, which when combined gives properties superior to the properties of the individual components. (eg. Concrete)

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34
Q

Flat pack

A

A piece of furniture or other equipment that is sold in pieces packed flat in a box for easy transport and is assembled by the buyer.

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35
Q

Knock down (KD) fittings

A

Knock-down fittings are those that can be put together easily, normally using only a screw driver, a drill, a mallet/hammer and other basic tools. They are temporary joints although many are used to permanently join together items such as cabinets and other pieces of furniture that are purchased in a flat pack

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36
Q

One – off/jobbing/custom production

A

Making a single, often unique product

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37
Q

Batch production

A

The production method used to make a specific number of identical products.

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38
Q

Mass production

A

Used to make a large number of identical products on a production line.

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39
Q

Continuous production

A

Making large amounts of a product non-stop.

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40
Q

Automated Manufacture

A

Manufacturing which runs continuously with the aid of machines and robots

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41
Q

Inclusive design

A

Designing something so that it can be accessed by all (consider elderly, differently abled etc.)

42
Q

Product modification

A

Changing products to make them work better

43
Q

Computer Numerical Control (CNC)

A

A production method using numbered codes to make something with a machine

44
Q

Manufacturing specification

A

A collection of specific manufacturing information like material and sizes

45
Q

Product specification

A

The list of criteria a product should meet

46
Q

Polishing

A

a surface application applied to wood, metal and plastic

47
Q

Product assembly

A

Building the product from parts

48
Q

Die cutting

A

A stamping process using to cut out shapes a shaped blade- this is how nets for boxes are made

49
Q

Offset lithography

A

The process of printing from a flat surface treated so as to repel the ink except where it is required for printing

50
Q

Flexographic printing

A

Used for printing on flexible materials like crisp packets etc.

51
Q

Injection moulding

A

Industrial process that injects molten plastic into a mould to make complex 3D shapes

52
Q

Vacuum forming

A

A plastic forming process that creates 3d forms like choclate trays etc. commonly used in schools

53
Q

Laminating

A

Covered with a layer of another material

54
Q

Target market/user

A

Who your product is intended for

55
Q

Standard components

A

Parts that are bought to use in a product- they are mass produced and meet certain international standards, eg. screws

56
Q

Alloy

A

Combining two or more metals

57
Q

Composite

A

Combining two or more materials

58
Q

Consumer

A

Person who will use product

59
Q

Feasibility

A

How realistic/ possible something is

60
Q

Design icon

A

A design that is stands the test of time, it may be ground breaking for the time and may often be copied e.g. iphone

61
Q

Retro design

A

A design that is inspired by styles of the past but may include modern technology ie. Mini Cooper

62
Q

Continuous improvement

A

Products are continually being improved and updated- they are developed

63
Q

Hardwoods

A

Wood from trees with broad leaves and that are deciduous

64
Q

Softwoods

A

Wood from trees with cones/needles- they are evergreen and often faster growing

65
Q

Manufactured boards

A

Timber boards from glued pieces- they are man made e.g. MDF

66
Q

Ferrous metals

A

These metals contain iron

67
Q

Non-ferrous metals

A

These do not contain iron e.g. copper

68
Q

Thermoplastics

A

Plastics which softens with heat- e.g. PET

69
Q

Thermosetting plastics

A

Plastics which set with heat and cannot be reshaped e.g. urea formaldehyde

70
Q

Carbon footprint

A

The amount of harmful greenhouse gasses produced by manufacturing and using products

71
Q

5th to 95th percentile

A

Ignoring extremes within the population

72
Q

Adhesive

A

Compound that bonds materials together- a better word than glue!

73
Q

Aesthetics

A

Features making products visually appealing

74
Q

Analysis

A

Discussing important features of problem

75
Q

Product analysis

A

Discussing important features of product

76
Q

Automation

A

Production method without using people

77
Q

Biodegradable

A

Disintegrates when exposed to elements

78
Q

Blow moulding

A

Using air to form plastics- how plastic bottles are made

79
Q

Board

A

Paper material weighing over 200gsm

80
Q

Brand identity

A

Creating identity appealing to customers

81
Q

CAD Models

A

Models designed digitally using software

82
Q

Forging

A

Hammering hot metals into shape

83
Q

Contemporary

A

Belonging to the present day

84
Q

Anthropomorphism

A

Using human features on an objects to improve human interface

85
Q

Blister Packaging

A

Packaging using a pre-formed plastic blister and printed paperboard card which has a heat-seal coating

86
Q

CMYK

A

An abbreviation for cyan, magenta, yellow and black.

87
Q

Corrosion

.

A

The deterioration of metal usually caused by a chemical reaction and often linked to its environment

88
Q

Dowels

A

Circular sectioned pegs made from beech or other hardwoods

89
Q

Electronic Data Interface

A

The transfer of structured data from one computer system to another without human intervention

90
Q

Empirical Design

A

A trial and error approach in design

91
Q

Extrusion

A

A technique involving the melting of raw plastic which is then turned into a continuous profile

92
Q

Exclusive Design

A

Excluding people by failing to meet their needs

93
Q

Galvanizing

A

The process of coating steel with a thin layer of zinc to prevent corrosion

94
Q

Laser cutters

A

Tools for cutting, scoring, engraving, they use an infrared beam to laser out waste

95
Q

Line bending

A

The hearing and bending of thermoplastic sheet

96
Q

Orthographic projection

A

Drawings showing three dimensions in 2D

97
Q

Piezoelectric

A

Describes the ability of some materials to generate electricity when deformed by mechanical pressure. This effect is also reversible, causing piezoelectric materials to deform when a small voltage is applied.

98
Q

Point-of-sale

A

Where the product is displayed for sale. A POS is often part of a new product launch. It may be a unique display stand with key information about the product.

99
Q

Presentation Drawings

A

Accurate visual representations showing, for example colour, tone and texture that are suitable to present to the client

100
Q

Primary research

A

This is research where you have found out the information for yourself. This might include interviews with experts, material tests and product analysis.

101
Q

Seasoned

A

All natural wood is seasoned to remove moisture. The process of seasoning involves drying ina controlled way to prevent twisting and warping

102
Q

Ultrasonic welding

A

The use of very high frequency vibrations to generate heat within the area to be joined, thereby allowing the materials to fuse together.

Product Design (1 decks)

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