Definitions Flashcards
What is unjustifiable hardship
allows an educational authority to argue against supporting a student with disabilities if it will cause the provider significant financial difficulty or pose a risk to the student, staff or other students
universal design of learning
recognises the diverse ways that children learn by providing multiple means of representation, action and engagement.
define self-esteem
how people value their capabilities and themselves as a person
Least restrictive environment
educational setting in which children with disabilities can succeed and is close as possible to a regular classroom
Social model of disability:
the belief that disability is a socially created problem and not a problem within an individual that demands a political response
Handicap
social and environmental consequences of a disability
Impairment
abnormality in the way systems of organs function – medical conditions
Inclusive education
schools should without question, provide for the needs of all children
Functional academics:
skills that enable a person with intellectual disability to live with some degree of independence in the community
Task analysis:
this refers to breaking the skill into smaller, component parts or steps.
Learned helplessness
some children adopt the view that once failure occurs, the situation is out of their control and there was nothing they can do
Thought processing:
this skill allows students to organize incoming information, to make connections between pieces of information and to interpret symbolic and abstract concepts
Education Adjustment Program (EAP):
Process of identifying and responding to the needs of students with disabilities
Age-appropriate behavior:
a behavior or activity that is consistent with the behaviours and activities normally undertaken by same aged peers
Disability:
the functional consequences of an impairment.
Perception:
the ability to register information through one or more of the sensory modes (eg. Sight,hearing,taste,smell or touch and make meaning from it
Metacognition:
thinking about thinking: our awareness about how we use knowledge
Circle time:
this is a method in which a teacher leads a group of children who discuss and offer solutions for a child who has some difficulties
Executive control function
the ability to identify and retain key concepts and information from among all of the information that is processed by the brain. For example: being able to set a goal and follow through, or being able to use a comprehension strategy while engaging with a text.
Hidden curriculum
a term used to describe the unwritten on unstated social rules and expectations of behavior in certain social or classroom situations that are understood by most people in society.
Theory of mind:
relates to the understanding of emotions and the mental state of others.
Social skills autopsy:
developed to assist students with special learning needs who genuinely do not understand why their peers have rejected them
Hyposensitivity:
children are under sensitive or under reactive to their environment. These children may where thick clothes on a hot day or repeatedly rub their arms and legs against things.
Central coherence deficit:
underlies the central disturbance in autism and related autism spectrum disorders
students with ASD focus on the details and have trouble processing the whole.
Auditory hypersensitivity:
overly sensitive to sounds (especially loud sounds).
Auditory functioning:
the way a person uses their hearing
AUSLAN
Australian sign language, the native sign language of Aus deaf community
Middle ear infection:
inflammation/buildup of fluid in the middle ear cavity that causes hearing difficulties.
Cochlear implant:
electronic device that directly stimulates the remaining hair cells of the cochlea to produce the sensation of sound.
Auditory efficiency:
a student’s ease and comfort in performing an auditory task
Central Auditory Processing Disorder:
a term for a variety of disorders that as a result breakdown in the hearing process.
Prelingual hearing loss:
hearing loss that occurs before a child has learned to understand and use language
Seizure
: a sudden surge of electrical activity in the brain. It usually affects how a person appears or acts for a short time
Cerebal palsy:
a general term for a group of diseases that cause physical disability in human development by affecting areas of the brain.
Augmentative and alternative communication:
non-speech communication systems including manual signs, picture-based communication boards, or specialized electronic devices
Fine motor skills:
these skills are associated with the use of small muscles such as finger movement
Gross motor skills
these skills are associated with the use of and large muscles such as the arms, legs and trunk.
Hydrocephalus:
excessive cerebrospinal fluid accumulates in the brain.
Muscular dystrophy:
an inherited disease of the muscles that leads to muscle weakness and death of muscle cells. Symptoms include muscle wasting, poor balance and mobility difficulties
Spina bifida:
the incomplete formation of the spine and spinal cord which occurs during the first month of a baby’s development in the womb
Phonology:
the sound system of a language
Functional Behaviour Assessment (FBA):
an assessment of the reasons for misbehavior in the classroom.
Semantics:
the study of meaning in language, applies to entire texts or single words
Externalizing behaviours:
negative behaviours that are directed toward the external environment
Antecedents:
events that occur before a specific behavior, the events may affect why the behavior occurred.
Habits of mind:
knowing what to do when confronted with new information or with a problem.
Acceleration:
a series of procedures that allow gifted students access to the curriculum at an academic level that reflects their intelligence
Giftedness:
a natural aptitude or ability in any area, significantly in advance of what could be typically expected
Divergent thinking:
a thought process or method used to generate creative ideas by exploring many possible solutions
Dyslexia:
impairment of the ability to read
Dyspraxia:
affects students who experience difficulties in the organization of movement, making them appear clumsy.
Dyscalculia:
impairment in the ability to solve mathematical problems of to comprehend mathematical concepts
Intellectual disability
IQ below 70
Limited with adaptive functioning (coping with every day tasks)
Autism
Difficulty with behaviour, social interaction, communication and sensory sensitivity
Physical impairments
Impact the ability to move or coordinate and control movements
Learning difficulties
Children experiencing literacy and numeracy problems
Program not place
What the student is learning is the critical factor not where the student is learning
Fairness not sameness
Equity not equality
Educational provision is based on needs not equality
physical impairments can involve what two types of disorders?
neurological and musculoskeletal
What is Differentiation?
Providing multiple ways to learn, use broad-based issues,themes and problems, open-ended tasks, different assignments tailored for students with differing levels of achievement
Define self-concept
Stable set of ideas, attitudes and beliefs a child holds and uses to describe themselves and their abilities
Self- efficacy
A measure on ones competence in a particular domain
ADHD
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
A neurological syndrome that is generally categorised by impulsivity, distraction and hyperactivity that is inconsistent with the age of the person
Disability Standards for Education (DSE)
Reasonable Adjustment
On the same basis Enrolment Participation Curriculum development, accreditation and delivery Student support services Harassment & Victimisation
Education (General Provisions) Act 2006 (EGPA)
This makes it a legal requirement that each Queensland child or young person will have access to a high-quality education that will—
(i) help maximise his or her educational potential; and
(ii) enable him or her to become an effective and informed member of the community
Disability Discrimination Act 1992 with Amendments in 2009 (DDA)
A school can not refuse or fail to accept an application for enrolment
A school can not place conditions on the student’s enrolment
Policies and EQ procedures
Australian Professional Standards for Teachers
Enrolment in State Primary, Secondary and Special Schools
Student Protection
Safe, Supportive and Disciplined School Environment
Supporting Students’ Mental Health and Wellbeing
Inclusive Education
ACARA – Curriculum 2 Classroom (C2C)
