Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Rocks > Definitions > Flashcards

Definitions Flashcards

1
Q

Mineral

A

Minerals are a natural resource found in rocks.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Lithosphere

A

The outer layer of the Earth, it includes the crust and the upper mantle.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Magma

A

An extremely hot mixture of molten rock and gasses composed in the mantle.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Sediments

A

Material broken down by erosion that is moved around by wind and water. It can collect in layers.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Native elements

A

Elements found uncombined in the Earth’s crust.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Crystals

A

A substance that can be shaped in 7 different ways. The atoms that make it up and the conditions around the crystal during growth determine what shape it is.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Lustre

A

The appearance of a mineral caused by the way it reflects light.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Streak

A

The colour of a mineral once turned into a fine powder.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Hardness

A

The measure of how difficult it is to scratch the surface of a mineral.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Igneous rocks

A

Rocks that are formed by cooled down lava.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Extrusive rocks

A

A form of igneous rock that exited the crust in a molten form.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Viscosity

A

The measure of how thick a fluid is.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Lava

A

Magma that has reached the atmosphere.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Molten

A

Another word for melt.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Pumice

A

A rock that forms from lava that cools down midair.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Scoria

A

A rock found in lava that cools down quickly.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Abrasive

A

A property of a material or substance that easily scratches another.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Basalt

A

A hard rock with crystals in it, it is formed by lava quickly cooling.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Obsidian

A

A glassy rock that is formed by cooling lava with extreme speed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Intrusive rocks

A

A rock that is formed when magma cools under the surface.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Batholith

A

A rock mass that can measure over 100 kilometres across.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Granite

A

A hard rock with crystals big enough to see in it, it has a slow formation process.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Sedimentary Rocks

A

Rocks that are formed by sediments.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Erosion

A

The gradual destruction of a natural agent.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Floodplain

A

An area beside a river where sediments are disposed during a flood.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Glaciers

A

Large amounts of ice that move down slopes, pushing rocks and gravel in their path.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Moraine

A

The aftermath of a glacier.

28
Q

Sandstone

A

A sedimentary rock made up of sand.

29
Q

Mudstone

A

Sedimentary rock without layering.

30
Q

Shale

A

Sedimentary rock that is made up of clay.

31
Q

Siltstone

A

A sedimentary rock with a particle size between sandstone and mudstone.

32
Q

Conglomerate

A

Sedimentary rock made up of large particles with varying sizes.

33
Q

Limestone

A

Sedimentary rock formed by the remains of sea organisms.

34
Q

Coal

A

Sedimentary rock made of dead plants and animals that were buried before completely rotting.

35
Q

Rock salt

A

A sedimentary deposit formed when a salt lake dried.

36
Q

Metamorphism

A

The process that changes rocks with high pressure, heat or both.

37
Q

Metamorphic rocks

A

A rock formed from another rock that has been under extreme heat, pressure or both.

38
Q

Slate

A

Shale that has been under extreme heat and pressure.

39
Q

Marble

A

Limestone that has be under extreme pressure.

40
Q

Gneiss

A

Granite that has been exposed to extreme pressure.

41
Q

Mineral ores

A

Rocks mined to obtain metal.

42
Q

Mining

A

Extracting minerals from the Earth

43
Q

Environmental impact statement

A

Study of the possible effects of a project on the environment.

44
Q

Rehabilitated

A

An item restored to its previous condition.

45
Q

Overburden

A

Waste rock removed from the bottom of the topsoil.

46
Q

Open-cut mining

A

Mining that is done in an open area.

47
Q

Underground mining

A

Mining that is done in shafts deep underground

48
Q

Mineral ores

A

Rocks mined to obtain metal.

49
Q

Mining

A

Extracting minerals from the Earth

50
Q

Environmental impact statement

A

Study of the possible effects of a project on the environment.

51
Q

Rehabilitated

A

An item restored to its previous condition.

52
Q

Overburden

A

Waste rock removed from the bottom of the topsoil.

53
Q

Open-cut mining

A

Mining that is done in an open area.

54
Q

Underground mining

A

Mining that is done in shafts deep underground

55
Q

Stone Age

A

The time about 2 million years ago where humans used stone for most of their tools.

56
Q

Alloy

A

The mixture of a metal and another metal or non-metal material.

57
Q

Flint

A

A sedimentary rock that leaves a sharp edge when broken.

58
Q

Percussion flaking

A

The process in which stones are struck with harder stones to make tools.

59
Q

Fossil

A

Any remains of plants or animals from another period of time.

60
Q

Palaeontologist

A

A scientist that studies fossils.

61
Q

Folding

A

The buckling of rocks caused by pressure.

62
Q

Relative age

A

The age of a rock compared to another rock.

63
Q

Carnivores

A

Organisms that eat meat.

64
Q

Scavengers

A

Organisms that eat both plant and meat matter.

65
Q

Mould

A

The cavity in a rock that shows the hard parts of an organism.

66
Q

Trace fossils

A

Fossils that give evidence that an organism was present when a rock was formed.

67
Q

Extinct

A

Volcanos that are no longer active.

Rocks (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions