Definitions Flashcards
1
Q
ALS
A
•Unknown etiology, affects motor neurons in brain and spinal cord
dysarthria will affect speech
2
Q
Bulbar ALS
A
- affects speech more than extremities
- needs phone communication
3
Q
Spinal ALS
A
- affects extremities first
- needs writing systems
4
Q
Guillain Barre Syndrome
A
- Progressive destruction and regeneration of myelin sheath
- Paralysis starts in lower extremities and moves upwards and occurs with 1-3 weeks of onset
- Nerve function and muscle strength gradually return
- Dysarthria is primary issue
- 85% fully recover, of the 15% remaining only a few require long term speech intervention
- AAC systems typically consist of low tech options and are usually only needs for weeks or months
5
Q
Multiple Sclerosis
A
•Disease of the CNS, myelin sheath, unknown cause
dysarthria
6
Q
Parkinson’s Disease
A
- Loss of dopamine producing neurons in the basal ganglia
- Adult onset
- Dysarthria is common approximately 70%
7
Q
Brain Stem Stroke
A
•Damage to the central nervous system structures located in the brainstem
Stroke that disrupts circulation of lower brainstem
•Results in dysarthria or anarthria (loss of speech)
8
Q
Locked-in syndrome
A
- Closely related to brain stem stroke
- Cause-typically a basilar artery stroke
- Results in total loss of motor control except for eye blinks and vertical eye movement