Definitions Flashcards

1
Q

ALS

A

•Unknown etiology, affects motor neurons in brain and spinal cord

dysarthria will affect speech

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2
Q

Bulbar ALS

A
  • affects speech more than extremities
  • needs phone communication
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3
Q

Spinal ALS

A
  • affects extremities first
  • needs writing systems
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4
Q

Guillain Barre Syndrome

A
  • Progressive destruction and regeneration of myelin sheath
  • Paralysis starts in lower extremities and moves upwards and occurs with 1-3 weeks of onset
  • Nerve function and muscle strength gradually return
  • Dysarthria is primary issue
  • 85% fully recover, of the 15% remaining only a few require long term speech intervention
  • AAC systems typically consist of low tech options and are usually only needs for weeks or months
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5
Q

Multiple Sclerosis

A

•Disease of the CNS, myelin sheath, unknown cause

dysarthria

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6
Q

Parkinson’s Disease

A
  • Loss of dopamine producing neurons in the basal ganglia
  • Adult onset
  • Dysarthria is common approximately 70%
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7
Q

Brain Stem Stroke

A

•Damage to the central nervous system structures located in the brainstem

Stroke that disrupts circulation of lower brainstem

•Results in dysarthria or anarthria (loss of speech)

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8
Q

Locked-in syndrome

A
  • Closely related to brain stem stroke
  • Cause-typically a basilar artery stroke
  • Results in total loss of motor control except for eye blinks and vertical eye movement
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