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History Chapter 2 > Definitions > Flashcards

Definitions Flashcards

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1
Q

• L’Anse Aux Meadows:

A

o First Euro presence in NA

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2
Q

• John Cabot:

A 
o	Reach Asia by sailing west
o	Landed NFLD, or Cape Norse
o	1st recorded landing on NA since Norse 
o	Claimed for England 
o	2nd trip with 300 men
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3
Q

• Henry Hudson

A 
o	Searched for a northwest passage 
o	Path to Asia 
o	Sailed into Hudson Strait 
o	James Bay
o	Beached the discovery 
o	Intended to continue search 
o	Crew mutiny 
o	Hudson, his son and 7 others
o	Forced into Boat
o	Cut adrift 
o	Fate unknown
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4
Q

Northwest Passage

A

Path to Asia through/around North America

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5
Q

• Jacques Cartier

A 
o	Led 4 voyages
o	Look for: Gold in New World, passage to Asia 
o	Contacted Iroquois 
o	Raised a cross 
o	1st explorer in St Lawrence 
o	Credited with discovering Canada 
o	Small region of Quebec 
o	Named it Canada (during second voyage)
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6
Q

• Port Royal

A 
o Port Royal 	
1st Euro year round settlement in Canada 
o	Gardens 
o	Experimental seed plots 
o	Theatre show
o	Social Club
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7
Q

• Champlain

A

Used Port Royal as base to further explore
Created Quebec City = first lasting settlement
The start of Canada

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8
Q

Quebec City

A

First Lasting settlement

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9
Q

o Indentured Labour

A

o Transport paid
o Free animals
o Work 3-5 years
o Then receive own land

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10
Q

o Intendant

A

o In charge of finance, justice

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11
Q

o Ursulines

A

o Nuns

o Professional teachers

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12
Q

• Les Filles du Roi

A

King’s Daughters/ how to get women over
Orphans or poor French Women
Sent by King
After marriage received: Animals, meat and Money

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13
Q

o Canadien

A

o Born in New France

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14
Q

Acadians

A

Colonization of NS, PEI, NB, SE Quebec
Peaceful people
England took control
Required to swear oath of alliance to England

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15
Q

• Seigneurial System

A 
Land distribution based on feudalism 
King owned land to nobility
King granted land to nobility 
Nobility = seigneurs 
Seigneurs rented land to habitants
King granted land to seigneur on conditions: Live on land, provide local court for disputes, Bring in habitants and record who lives there, help pay for roads and bridges, build mill, build church and find a priest, parish
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16
Q

• Habitant

A

o Could become a seigneur

o Could leave to fur trade

17
Q

New France Money

A 
Relied on cash from France 
Ship is late = trouble 
Made playing card money
Printed values on cards
Affixed seal to them 
Ship arrived = redeemed for cash
18
Q

• Governor General

A

Appointed by king

In charge of: External affairs, military, First Nations, English colonist, Veto Power

19
Q

• Intendant

A

Appointed by King

In charge of Internal affairs: Taxes, roads, public order, legal system, economy

20
Q

• Superior Sovereign Council

A

o Advisory

o 5 local reps

21
Q

• Missionaries

A

work to convert those not of their faith
More aggressive than traders to change First Nations
Believed they had “one true religion”
First Nations in need of salvation

22
Q

o Black Robe

A 
The society of Jesus, Jesuits
Most significant
In New France 
Focused on Huron nation
Hurons: sedentary: feared could lose trading 
Lived among First Nations
Educate and preach
23
Q

o Sainte-Marie among the Hurons

A

Created by Lalemant

Fortified Jesuit headquarters
First Euro settlement in Ontario

24
Q

• Beaver Wars

A 
Iroquois vs French 
1st nations = Trade middleman 
Iroquois dependent on trade goods 
Pressure for rich beavers areas 
Dutch traders in NY provide guns 
Attack New France 
Raided allies: Huron 
French have guns only to converts 
Iroquois had number advantage
Found stiff resistance 
Entered into peace 
Renewed hostilities
Treaty 
Attacked Lachine
25
Q

• Troupes de la Marine

A

500 troops
Group of the navy
Approx 1st permanent ‘Cdn’ military
Forced Iroquois to make peace

26
Q

• Great Peace of 1701

A

1300 individual natives
Stopped fighting
Agreed to be neutral in wars between English + French

27
Q

• Treaty of Utrecht

A

o Gave Acadia to British

o Gives drainage basin of Hudson’s Bay to Britain

28
Q

7 Years war

A 
o	1753-63
1st global war: Africa, india, Europe, North America 
In NA: France vs England 
13 Colonies had > 1 million people but little space 
New France had 70,000 with large land mass 
Winner in NA would own continent 
Britain declared war on France May 1756 
French army shortage only 6000 regulars 
Britain > 23,000
29
Q

o Wolfe

A

o Wolfe order to retreat –> British general

30
Q

o Montcalm

A

o in charge of Quebec

31
Q

• Bjarni Herjolfsson:

A

o Likely first Euro ever to sight NA

o Saw wooded hilly land = NFLD, Baffin island

History Chapter 2 (1 decks)

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