Definitions Flashcards
(23 cards)
Health status
An individual’s or a populations overall health, taking into account various aspects such as life expectancy, amount of disability and levels of disease risk factors
Health
A complete state of physical, social and mental wellbeing, not merely the absence of disease or infirmity
Life expectancy
An indication of how long a person can expect to live, it is the number of years of life remaining to a person at a particular age if death rates do not change
Male: 79.7 years
Female:84.2 years
Hale- health adjusted life expectancy
A measure of burden of disease based on life expectancy at birth,but including on adjustment for time spent in poor health. It is the number of years in full health that a person can expect to live based on the current rate of ill health and mortality
Disability adjusted life years- DALY
A measure of burden of disease one DALY equals one year of healthy life lost due to premature death and time lived with illness, disease or injury
YLL+YLD= DALY
Burden of disease
Measure of the impact of disease and injuries, specifically it measures the gap between current health status and an ideal situation where everyone lives to an old age free of disease and disability. Burden of disease is measure in a unit called DALY
Mortality
Deaths in a population
Morbidity
Refers to the ill health in an individual and the level of ill health in a population or group
Years of lost due to disability YLD
A measure of how many healthy years of life are lost due to illness, injury or disability
Years of life lost YLL
A measure of how many years of expected life are lost due to premature death
Incidence
The number of new cases of a condition during a given period of time
Prevalence
The number or proportion of cases of a particular disease or condition present in the population at a given time
Under five mortality rate U5FM
The number of deaths of children under five years of age per 1000 live births
Physical health
The efficient functioning of the body and its systems and includes the physical capacity to perform tasks and physical fitness
Eg: ideal body weight,strong immune system and adequate energy levels
Social health
Being able to interact with others and participate in the community in both an independent and cooperative way
Eg: supportive network of friends, supportive and well functioning family and productive relationships with others
Mental health
State of wellbeing in which the individual realises his or her own abilities can cope with the normal stress if life and can work productivity and fruitfully and is able to make a contribution to his or her community
Biological determinants
Factors relating to the body that impact on health such as genetics,hormones, body weight, blood pressure, cholesterol levels and birth weight
Behavioural determinant
Actions or patterns of living of an individual or a group that impact o health such as smoking, sexual activity, participation in physical activity
Social determinant
Aspects of society and the social environment that impact on health such as poverty, early life experiences, social network and support
Physical environment
The physical environment in which we live, work and play. The physical environ,envy includes water and air, workplaces, housing, roads, nature, schools, recreational settings and expourse to hazards
Health indicators
Standard statistics that are used to measure and compare health status Eg: life expectancy Mortality Morbidity Burden of disease
What is the difference between HALE and Life expectancy?
The difference between HALE and life expectancy is that HALE is the how many years your expected to live in good health where life expectancy is the number of years your expected to live
Socioeconomic status (SES)
The social standing of an individual in comparison to others in the society
Based on income, education and occupation
