Definitions

Question 0

Health status

Answer 0

An individual’s or a populations overall health, taking into account various aspects such as life expectancy, amount of disability and levels of disease risk factors

Question 1

Health

Answer 1

A complete state of physical, social and mental wellbeing, not merely the absence of disease or infirmity

Question 2

Life expectancy

Answer 2

An indication of how long a person can expect to live, it is the number of years of life remaining to a person at a particular age if death rates do not change
Male: 79.7 years
Female:84.2 years

Question 3

Hale- health adjusted life expectancy

Answer 3

A measure of burden of disease based on life expectancy at birth,but including on adjustment for time spent in poor health. It is the number of years in full health that a person can expect to live based on the current rate of ill health and mortality

Question 4

Disability adjusted life years- DALY

Answer 4

A measure of burden of disease one DALY equals one year of healthy life lost due to premature death and time lived with illness, disease or injury
YLL+YLD= DALY

Question 5

Burden of disease

Answer 5

Measure of the impact of disease and injuries, specifically it measures the gap between current health status and an ideal situation where everyone lives to an old age free of disease and disability. Burden of disease is measure in a unit called DALY

Question 6

Mortality

Answer 6

Deaths in a population

Question 7

Morbidity

Answer 7

Refers to the ill health in an individual and the level of ill health in a population or group

Question 8

Years of lost due to disability YLD

Answer 8

A measure of how many healthy years of life are lost due to illness, injury or disability

Question 9

Years of life lost YLL

Answer 9

A measure of how many years of expected life are lost due to premature death

Question 10

Incidence

Answer 10

The number of new cases of a condition during a given period of time

Question 11

Prevalence

Answer 11

The number or proportion of cases of a particular disease or condition present in the population at a given time

Question 12

Under five mortality rate U5FM

Answer 12

The number of deaths of children under five years of age per 1000 live births

Question 13

Physical health

Answer 13

The efficient functioning of the body and its systems and includes the physical capacity to perform tasks and physical fitness
Eg: ideal body weight,strong immune system and adequate energy levels

Question 14

Social health

Answer 14

Being able to interact with others and participate in the community in both an independent and cooperative way
Eg: supportive network of friends, supportive and well functioning family and productive relationships with others

Question 15

Mental health

Answer 15

State of wellbeing in which the individual realises his or her own abilities can cope with the normal stress if life and can work productivity and fruitfully and is able to make a contribution to his or her community

Question 16

Biological determinants

Answer 16

Factors relating to the body that impact on health such as genetics,hormones, body weight, blood pressure, cholesterol levels and birth weight

Question 17

Behavioural determinant

Answer 17

Actions or patterns of living of an individual or a group that impact o health such as smoking, sexual activity, participation in physical activity

Question 18

Social determinant

Answer 18

Aspects of society and the social environment that impact on health such as poverty, early life experiences, social network and support

Question 19

Physical environment

Answer 19

The physical environment in which we live, work and play. The physical environ,envy includes water and air, workplaces, housing, roads, nature, schools, recreational settings and expourse to hazards

Question 20

Health indicators

Answer 20

Standard statistics that are used to measure and compare health status 
Eg: 
life expectancy 
Mortality
Morbidity 
Burden of disease

Question 21

What is the difference between HALE and Life expectancy?

Answer 21

The difference between HALE and life expectancy is that HALE is the how many years your expected to live in good health where life expectancy is the number of years your expected to live

Question 22

Socioeconomic status (SES)

Answer 22

The social standing of an individual in comparison to others in the society
Based on income, education and occupation