Definitions Flashcards
Overnutrition
energy intake > energy requirement
Undernutrition
An inadequate intake or absorption of energy and/or nutrients
Acute malnutrition
‘Present’ malnutrition resulting from inadequate intake of energy and/or protein specifically, often in combination with infection
Moderate Acute Malnutrition (MAM)
Inadequate dietary intake or absorption needed for growth, health, and physical activity
Severe Acute Malnutrition (SAM)
KWASHIORKOR
- Disease that inhibits the first child when the second child is born
- Inadequate protein intake
- Age: 1-3 years
Severe Acute Malnutrition (SAM)
MARASMUS
- To waste away; the disease of starvation
- Inadequate total caloric intake
- Age: 0-18 months
Micronutrient malnutrition
Lack of one or more micronutrients; “hidden hunger”
Malnutrition
A consequence of an interaction between politics, economics, geography, climate, culture, gender disparity, and physiology
Pastoralism
The domestication of animals
Acculturation
Process of one cultural group adopting the beliefs and behaviours of another
Ethnocentrism
The belief that one’s own value system and lifestyle is most appropriate
The nutrition transition
Global shifts in the dietary patterns towards higher intakes of saturated fats, sugars and refined foods, and lower intakes of fibre rich foods, driven by technological advances that have made energy dense, nutrient-poo foods cheaply available on global food markets
Thrifty genotype
A hypothesis attempting to explain why people from some populations are prone to diabetes
Global Acute Malnutrition (GAM)
Umbrella term for SAM or MAM
Weight-for-height
A child’s weight for a given height
- Wasting
