Definitions

Question 0

Behavioural Determinants

Answer 0

Actions or patterns of living of an individual or a group that impact on health, such as smoking, sexual activity, participation in physical activity, eating practices

Question 1

Social Determinants

Answer 1

Aspects of society and the social environment that impact on health, such as poverty, early life experiences, social networks and support

Question 2

Biological Determinants

Answer 2

Factors relating to the body that impact on health, such as genetics, hormones, body weight, blood pressure, cholesterol levels.

Question 3

Burden Of Disease

Answer 3

A measure of the impact of diseases and injuries. Specifically it measures the gap between current health status and an ideal situation where everyone lives to an old age free of disease and disability. Burden of disease is measured in a unit called Disability Adjusted Life Year (DALY)

Question 4

Disability Adjusted Life Year (DALY)

Answer 4

A measure of burden of disease, one DALY equals one year of healthy life lost due to premature death and time lived with illness, disease or injury

Question 5

Incidence

Answer 5

The number or rate of new cases of a particular condition during a specific time

Question 6

Prevalence

Answer 6

The number or proportion of cases of a particular disease or condition present in a population at a given time

Question 7

Under 5 Mortality Rate (U5MR)

Answer 7

The number of deaths of children under five years of age per 1000 live births

Question 8

Years lost due to disability (YLD)

Answer 8

The non-fatal component of the disease burden and is a measurement of the healthy years lost due to disease or injuries

Question 9

Years of life lost (YLL)

Answer 9

The fatal burden of disease of a population, defined as the years of life lost due to death

Question 10

Infant mortality rate

Answer 10

Refer to the number of deaths that occur in the first year of life. It is reported by the actual number of deaths per 1000 live births

Question 11

Health-adjusted life expectancy (HALE)

Answer 11

A measure of burden of disease based on life expectancy at birth, but including an adjustment for time spent in poor health. It is the number of years in full health that a person can expect to live, based on current rates of ill health and mortality

Question 12

Morbidity

Answer 12

Refers to ill health in an individual and the levels of ill health in a population or group

Question 13

Mortality

Answer 13

The number of deaths caused by a particular disease, illness or other environmental factor

Question 14

Life expectancy

Answer 14

An indication of how long a person can expect to live, it is the number of years of life remaining to a person at a particular age if death rates do not change

Question 15

Health status

Answer 15

An individual’s or a population’s overall health, taking into account various aspects such as life expectancy, amount of disability and levels of disease risk factors

Question 16

Health

Answer 16

A state of complete physical, social and mental wellbeing, and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity