Definitions Flashcards
Punishment to avenge a crime, ensuring that offenders digger the consequences of their actions
Retribution
Punishment imposed on a person convicted of committing a crime
Sentence
Punishment to discourage criminals from reoffending
Specific deterrence
Punishment to discourage people in general from offending
General deterrence
Punishment combined with treatment and training to help offenders function in society
Rehabilitation
Returning to crime after release from prison
Recidivism
Punishment that requires the offender to pay society back for the harm or loss suffered
Restitution
Punishment designed to show condemnation of the offenders conduct
Denunciation
Background information about the convicted offender , prepared for the judge prior to sentencing
Pre-sentence report
A statement prepared by a crime victim or the victims family describing the harm done or the loss suffered as a result of the offence
Victim impact statement
The judges opportunity to listen to recommendations and to consider all the facts before passing sentence
Sentence hearing
Circumstances that increase the severity of the sentence
Aggravating factors
Circumstances that decrease the severity of the sentence
Mitigating factors
Releasing a convicted offender and erasing the criminal record after one year
Absolute discharge
Releasing a convicted offender under certain terms and erasing the criminal record after 3 years of the terms are met
Conditional discharge
A sentence that allows a person to live in the community under the supervision of a parole officer
Probation
A judgement that is not carried out, provided certain requirements are met
Suspended sentence
A sentence that is served on weekends and at night
Intermittent
A prison sentence that can be served in the community, with strict terms attached
Conditional sentence
A sentence to perform certain services in the community for a specified period
Community service order
A sentence ordering the defendant to keep the peace and demonstrate food behaviour for up to 12 months
Binding-over
A sentence of expulsion from the country
Deportation
A sentence that withholds a privilege for a specified period or a lifetime
Suspension of privilege
A negotiated deal where by the accused pleads guilty in exchange for a lighter sentence
Plea bargain
Imprisonment for a specified period
Incarceration
Someone who constitutes a threat to the life, safety, or well-being of others
Dangerous offender
A sentence for an indefinite period
Indeterminate sentence
Sentences served at the same time
Concurrent sentence
Sentences served one after another
Consecutive sentence
An alternative measures program designed to determine restitution;involves a victim, the offender, and a mediator
Victim-offender mediation
An alternative measure program in which the victim and the offender meet with family members and other concerned parties to determine restitution
Family-group conferencing
Moderated discussions that allow victims and offenders , linked by a common crime to express their feelings about the offence
Victim offender panels
A panel that allows victims and drunk driving offenders to express their views and feelings to express their views and feelings
Victim impact panel
An alternative measures program that invokes a process of healing for both the victims and the offender
Sentencing circle
Secured facilities for dangerous offenders
Closed custody
Separation of offenders from the rest of the prison population
Protective custody
Less secure facilities for non-violent offender
Open custody
Serving part of the sentence in the community under supervision
Conditional release
Brief release from custody for community service or personal reasons
Unescorted temporary absence
Conditional absence from custody to perform paid or voluntary work under supervision
Work release
Conditional absence from custody during the day only
Day parole
Conditional release from custody after serving one third to one half of a sentence
Full parole
Release, by law, after serving two-thirds of a sentence
Statutory release
The settling aside of a persons record of conviction
Pardon
