Definitions

Question 1

Baseline

Answer 1

Measured target behavior in the absence of treatment (ie- we need more information)
3 Purposes:
-establish accountability for the clinician
-Evaluate progress
-Modify therapy procedures if child not improving as expected

Question 2

Response Topography

Answer 2

Level

Question 3

Discrete Trials

Answer 3

Structured opportunities to produce a given target (typically what we do)

Question 4

Evoked Trials

Answer 4

Arrange materials so use of a target response is likely to occur (spontaneous response)

Question 5

Modeled Trials

Answer 5

Clinician has stimuli but also provides a model of the target response for the child to imitate (stimuli + model)

Question 6

Successive Approximation

Answer 6

A treatment technique for establishing a target behavior not in the client’s repertoire; the client’s target responses are progressively shaped to match the final target behavior. (Using sounds they can already say)
Synonym: Shaping

Question 7

Positive Reinforcer

Answer 7

Events that, when made contingent upon a response, increase the future probability of that response. (Consequences that follow a response and increase the occurrence of that are positive reinforcers)

Question 8

Primary Reinforcer

Answer 8

Consequences that do not rely on past learning or conditioning; more biological in nature. Examples include sleep, food, water, etc. Food is among the most frequently used primary reinforcers.

Question 9

Secondary Reinforcer

Answer 9

Events or actions that increase behaviors because of social and prior learning; these types of reinforcers have attained their reinforcing value because of social or cultural benefits. These depend on past learning or conditioning. Examples include social reinforcers (verbal praise, attention, eye contact, facial expression), tokens and informative feedback.