Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Bio 121 Lab > Definitions > Flashcards

Definitions Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

<p>Acoelomate </p>

A

<p>An animal without a coelom</p>

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

<p>Aerobic </p>

A

<p>A process requiring oxygen or an organism that thrives in the presence of oxygen</p>

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

<p>Agar</p>

A

<p>A gelatinous polysaccharide derived from algae, used as a culture for bacteria and fungi</p>

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

<p>Alternation of Generations </p>

A

<p>A life cycles that includes multicellular haploid and diploid stages. Occurs in plants and some algal protists</p>

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

<p>Anaerobic</p>

A

<p>Process that does not need oxygen or an organism that thrives in absence of oxygen</p>

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

<p>Angiosperm </p>

A

<p>A flowering plant that has seeds enclosed in fruit (Anthophyta)</p>

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

<p>Annulus</p>

A

<p>Any ring like structure (ex. body segments of an annelid worm.)</p>

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

<p>Anterior</p>

A

<p>Head region of an organism</p>

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

<p>Anther</p>

A

<p>The pollen producing structure of a flowering plant</p>

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

<p>Antheridium</p>

A

<p>The male reproductive organ in some plants, fungi, and algal protists which produces sperm</p>

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

<p>Aquatic </p>

A

<p>Live in water</p>

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

<p>Archegonium</p>

A

<p>Female reproductive organ in some plants which produces an egg</p>

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

<p>Ascocarp</p>

A

<p>A reproductive structure of fungi which produces asci and ascospores</p>

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

<p>Ascospore</p>

A

<p>A reproductive cell produced within an ascus in fungi </p>

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

<p>Ascus </p>

A

<p>The sac - like cell within which meiosis occurs to produce ascospores</p>

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

<p>Aseptate</p>

A

<p>Fungal hyphae which lack cross walls or septa</p>

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

<p>Asexual Reproduction </p>

A

<p>Reproduction involving only a single organism and resulting in clones of the original organism. There is no change in the chromosome number of the organism, no meiosis. no fertilization. </p>

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

<p>Auricle</p>

A

<p>A projection on either side of the head of &quot;Planaria&quot;, used for sensing tactile and chemical signals.</p>

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

<p>Autotroph </p>

A

<p>An organism which produces organic molecules from inorganic molecules using energy from either photosynthesis or chemical reactions.</p>

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

<p>Bacillus</p>

A

<p>Rod shaped bacterium</p>

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

<p>Basal disc</p>

A

<p>The posterior region of &quot;Hydra&quot; that functions in adhering the organism to the substrate</p>

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

<p>Basidium </p>

A

<p>A cell on a basidiocarp within which meiosis occurs to produce basidiospores</p>

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

<p>Basidiocarp</p>

A

<p>A reproductive structure which produces basidiospores usually on the surface of its gills</p>

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

<p>Basidiospore</p>

A

<p>A reproductive cell produced by meiosis within a basidium</p>

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

<p>Binary Fission </p>

A

<p>A means of asexual reproduction in bacteria and archaea in which a cell divides to form two identical organisms</p>

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Biodiversity

A

The number and variety of organisms in any given ecosystem or biome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Bisexual

A

Plants or animals that have both male and female reproductive structures on one individual

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Blood Vessel

A

Hollow tube that carries blood throughout body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Body Column

A

The cylindrical body of an organism like “Hydra”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Body Plan

A

IN animals, the number of tissue layers in the body and the presence or absence of a coelom

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Budding

A

A type of asexual reproduction in plants and many primitive animals that is accomplished by the development of one or more outgrowths “Ex. Hydra”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Capsule

A

1) A protective outer covering composed of poly sacarides found on many bacterial cells.
2) The sporangium of a bryophtye

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Carnivore

A

A consumer that eats animal tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Carpel

A

The female reproductive organ which produces ovules that contain the female gametophyte in flowering plants

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Cell Membrane

A

The membrane that separates a cell’s contents from the surrounding environment and regulates passage of substances into and out of the cell.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Cell Wall

A

A relatively rigid layer found immediately outside the cell membrane, provides support and protection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Cephalization

A

The localization of sensory structures and nervous tissue in the anterior region of an animal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

Chitin

A

A tough polysaccaride found in cell walls and in exoskeletons of arthropods; used for support and prevention of dessication

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

Chloroplast

A

Chlorophyll filled region where photosynthesis occurs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

Chromosome

A

A structure in a cell consisting of DNA or DNA and associated proteins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

Circulatory System

A

A continuous series of vessels or spaces in animals that transports fluids and dissolved solutes throughout an organisms body. Ranges from a series of open spaces (arthropods) to fully enclosed system of vessels (mammals). Also removes waste

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

Clitellum

A

a structure in some annelid worms that aid in sexual reproduction.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

Cnidoblast

A

A string cell found in organisms of the phylum Cnidaria that contains an organelle called a nematocyst

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

Coccus

A

spherical bacterium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

Coelom

A

In animals, a fluid filled body cavity surrounded entirely by mesoderm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

Colonial

A

An organism of individual cells living together which interact in mutually advantageous ways. Minimum division of labor between cells and minimal communication.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

Cone

A

Reproductive structure which produces spores in the phylum Lycopodiophyta and pollen or ovule/seeds in the phylum Coniferophyta

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

Conjugation

A

1) In bacteria, when two cells join together using pili and transfer or exchange genetic info
2) In some protist and fungi, a type of sexual reproduction involving two cells of one species joining together and exchanging DNA or combining cell contents to produce a zygote

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

Consumer

A

An organism that feeds on other organisms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

Contractile vacuole

A

A membrane bound organelle involved in osmoregulation in animal like protists and freshwater sponges

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

Cotyledon

A

Part of the embryo in the seeds of seed plants. Often used for food storage or early food production by photosynthesis during germination of seed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

Crop

A

An expansion of the anterior end of the gut where food is digested or stored

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

Cuticle

A

Refers to a non living secretion forming a waterproof barrier on the exterior of some plants and animals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
54
Q

Cytoplasm

A

The contents of a cell contained by the cell membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
55
Q

Cytoplasmic Streaming

A

The movement of cytoplasm within a cell, used to circulate cell contents to distribute food and remove wastes and for movement of the amoeba

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
56
Q

Decomposer

A

A heterotrophic organism which obtains its energy by breaking down dead organic material by secreting digestive enzymes into it and absorbing the products of digestion; a saprobe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
57
Q

Detritivore

A

An organism which obtains its energy from dead organic material by first ingesting, then digesting it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
58
Q

Dicot

A

A type of flowering plant with tow cotyledon within the seed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
59
Q

Digestive cavity

A

An internal body cavity in an animal in which food is stored and digested

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
60
Q

Digestive Tract

A

A tubular passage that extends from the mouth to the anus in an animal in which food is stored and digested

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
61
Q

Diploblastic

A

A body plan with only two germ layers (endo and ecto)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
62
Q

Diploid

A

Refers to a cell or organism which has two sets of chromosomes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
63
Q

Domain

A

In classification, the level above kingdom (Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
64
Q

Ecosystem

A

A community of organism and its physical environment in a given area

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
65
Q

Ectoderm

A

In animal embryology, the outermost later of germ cells that differentiates into the epidermis and nervous system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
66
Q

Egg

A

The haploid female gamete

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
67
Q

Embryo

A

The early stage of development in multicellular diploid plants and animals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
68
Q

Endoderm

A

In animal embryology, the innermost later of germ cells that lines the gut and differentiates into many different issues

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
69
Q

Esophagus

A

A hollow tube that conducts food from the pharynx to the crop in earthworms or to the stomach in vertebrates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
70
Q

Eukaryotic

A

Cells or organisms with membrane bound organelles and a true nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
71
Q

Extracellular

A

situated or occurring outside of a cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
72
Q

Eye Spot

A

A cluster of light sensitive cells found on the heads of some primitive animals “Planaria” enables detection of light.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
73
Q

Female gamete

A

The haploid cell that fuses with a male gamete to form a diploid zygote

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
74
Q

Fertilization

A

The union of two gametes such as egg and sperm to produce a diploid zygote.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
75
Q

Filament

A

1) A chain of cells

2) the stalk of the stamen in flowering plants

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
76
Q

Filter feeding

A

A method of feeding used by many sessile aquatic organisms that involves creating water currents that enable the organism to filter out microscopic organisms or organic materials for food

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
77
Q

Fimbriae

A

In bacteria, hairlike extensions used for attachment to surfaces

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
78
Q

Flagellum

A

A long cellular projection used for cell motility or movement of extracellular fluid; prokaryotic flagella differ in structure from eukaryotic flagella

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
79
Q

Floral tube

A

The fused bases of the sepals, petals and stamens of a flower

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
80
Q

Flowering plant

A

A plant that has seeds enclosed in fruit; an angiosperm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
81
Q

Food vacuole

A

A membrane bound organelle that contains and digests food obtained by phagocytosis

82
Q

Foot

A

an organ of locomotion differing widely in different animals

83
Q

Fragmentation

A

A type of asexual reproduction whereby a new individual develops from a fragment of the parent individual

84
Q

Free - living

A

An organism that does not require a host to survive and reproduce; no parasitic

85
Q

Freshwater

A

Refers to bodies of water with low concentrations for dissolved salts

86
Q

Fruit

A

The ripened ovary which contains seeds in flowering plants

87
Q

Funiculus

A

A stalk that connects the ovule/seed to the placenta of the ovary in flowering plants

88
Q

Gametangium

A

A cell or organ where gametes are produced: found in plants, some fungi and some protists

89
Q

Gamete

A

A haploid reproductive cell which combines with another gamete during sexual reproduction

90
Q

Gametophyte

A

The multicellular haploid generation in the life cycle of a plant; produces gametes by mitosis

91
Q

Gastrovascular Cavity

A

a body cavity with a single opening (mouth/anus) which functions to both digest and distribute nutrients

92
Q

Gelatinous Sheath

A

A jelly-like layer surrounding cells of some algae and some bacteria; it holds the cells together and provides protection from predators and the environment.

93
Q

Gill

A

1) In fungi the thin structure on the underside of a mushroom cap which produces spores
2) In aquatic animals, a respiratory structure for gas exchange

94
Q

Gizzard

A

A muscular structure capable of grinding up food in the digestive tract if some annelids and birds

95
Q

Gymnosperm

A

A plant that produces seeds that are not enclosed in fruits

96
Q

Haploid

A

Refers to a cell or organism which has only one set of chromosomes

97
Q

Hermaphroditic

A

An animal that has both male and female reproductive structures on one individual

98
Q

Heterocyst

A

a cell in some cyanobacteria which is specialized for nitrogen fixation

99
Q

Heterotroph

A

An organism which cannot synthesize all of the organic material that it needs and therefore must obtain its food and energy from other organisms

100
Q

Holdfast

A

A specialized root like structure in some large algae which allows them to attach to rocks to withstand waves and tides

101
Q

Hydrostatic Skeleton

A

A skeletal system composed of fluid held under pressure in a closed body compartment; the man skelton of cindarians, flatworms, roundworms and segmented worms

102
Q

Hypha (hyphae)

A

In fungi, a long narrow strand of cells which makes up the body of a fungus

103
Q

Intestine

A

Part of the digestive tract of an animal

104
Q

Intracellular

A

Situated or occurring inside of a cell

105
Q

Invertebrate

A

An animal that does not possess a vertebral column/spine

106
Q

Kingdom

A

In classification, a group made up of one or more phyla

107
Q

Larva

A

The pre adult form of many animals that is morphologically different from the adult

108
Q

Locule

A

In flowering plants, a cavity within an ovary in which ovules are produced

109
Q

Macronucleus

A

In protists of Ciliophora, a large nucleus which is not involved with reproduction but rather with metabolism

110
Q

Male gamete

A

The haploid cell that fuses with a female gamete to form a diploid zygote

111
Q

Male gametophyte

A

In plants, a multicellular haploid generation that produces sperm

112
Q

Marine

A

Saltwater

113
Q

Medusa

A

A free swimming stage in the lifecycle of most members of Cnidaria

114
Q

Megasporangium

A

In plants, a sporangium within which meiosis occurs to produce megaspores

115
Q

Meiosis

A

A type of nuclear division which produces haploid nuclei from a diploid nucleus

116
Q

Mesoderm

A

In animal embryology, the middle later of germ cells that develops between the endoderm and the ectoderm and gives rise to the skeleton, muscles and much of the circulatory system

117
Q

Mesoglea

A

A non cellular later that is located between the endoderm and ectoderm in members of Cnidaria

118
Q

Micronucleus

A

In protists of Ciliophora, a small nucleus which stores genetic materials and is involved in sexual reproduction

119
Q

Microsporangium

A

In plants, a sporangium within which meiosis occurs to produce microspores

120
Q

Monocot

A

A type of flowering plant that has seeds with only one cotyledon

121
Q

Motility

A

The ability of a cell or organism to move

122
Q

Mouth/Anus

A

A single opening that functions as both a mouth and an anus and leads to a gastrovascular caviy; in animals of phyla Cnidaria and Platyhlminthes

123
Q

Muscle cells

A

Specialized cells that function in contraction to produce movement in most animals

124
Q

Muscle fibers

A

1) Specialized contractile structures in cells that function to produce movement in animals of Cnidaria
2) Bundles of specialized cells that function in contraction to produce movement

125
Q

Mycellium

A

The body of a fungus which is comprised of many hyphae

126
Q

Mycirrhiza

A

A mutualistic association between fungi of either the phylum Zygomycota or Basidiomycota and the roots of plants whereby the fungi grow in and around the plants roots; this aids in water and mineral uptake by the plant, provides protection to plant roots from the environment and pathogenic organism, and provides fungus with water and nutrients

127
Q

Nematocyst

A

A specialized harpoon like organelle found in cnidoblast cells of members of the phylum Cnidaria; functions in capturing prey and defense

128
Q

Nerve cord

A

a strand of nervous tissue that extents from the anterior end of an animal to the tail

129
Q

Nucleoid

A

In prokaryotes the region of the cell containing the DNA

130
Q

Nucleus

A

In eukaryotes, the membrane bound organelle containing chromosomes

131
Q

Organ

A

Any part or structure of an organism that is composed of two or more tissues and adapted for a specific function or functions

132
Q

Organelle

A

A specialized structure in a cell which has a specific function, may have membrane or lack membrane

133
Q

Osculum

A

A large opening at the top of a sponge that allows water to exit during filter feeding

134
Q

Osmoregulation

A

The process of regulating water and salt balance withing an organism

135
Q

Osmosis

A

Movement of water through a semi permeable membrane

136
Q

Ovary

A

1) In plants, part of a female reproductive organ (carpel/pistil) that produces ovules
2) In animals, a female reproductive organ that produces haploid eggs

137
Q

Ovule

A

A structure that contains a female gametophyte enclosed within a sporangium that is surrounded by integuments (modified leaves). Found withing the ovule cones in conifers and with in the ovaries of flowering plants

138
Q

Ovuliferous scale

A

IN some conifers, a structure that bears the ovules in female/ovule cones

139
Q

Parasite

A

An organism that lives in or on and at the expense of another organism from which it obtains organic nutrients

140
Q

Pathogen

A

An organism that causes diseases

141
Q

Peptidoglycan

A

A polymer of sugars and proteins which forms part of the cell wall of most bacteria

142
Q

Phagocytosis

A

The process of a cell engulfing another cell or a foreign body; process used for feeding or defense

143
Q

Pharynx

A

1) A canal leading from the mouth to he esophagus in the digestive tract of vertebrate animals
2) A tube that can be everted from the body for feeding in some freeliving flatworms

144
Q

Phloem

A

A type of vascular tissue in plants which transports sugars and hormones

145
Q

Phylum

A

In classification, the level below kingdom

146
Q

Pili

A

In bacteria, long hairlike extensions used to exchange DNA during conjugation

147
Q

Pistil

A

The female reproductive organ of flowering plants, composed of two or more carpels fused together

148
Q

Placenta

A

1) Nutritive tissue in the ovary of flowering plants to which ovules attach
2) Organ consisting of embryonic and maternal tissues within the uterus of mammals for nutrition of embryo

149
Q

Pneumatocyst

A

In wracks(brown algae), air bladders which keep the alga floating at high tide

150
Q

Pollen

A

The male gametophyte in seed plants which produces and transports the sperm for pollination

151
Q

Pollen Sac

A

The microsporangium of seed plants within which meiosis occurs to produce microspores which develop into pollen

152
Q

pollination

A

A process b y which pollen is transferred from the pollen cone to the ovule cone in Coniferophyta or from a stamen to a carpel/pistil in phylum Anthophyta

153
Q

Polyp

A

The normally sessile stage in the life cycle of members Cnidaria; may form colonies

154
Q

Posterior

A

Pertaining to the rear or tail end of a bilaterally symmetrical animal

155
Q

Protist

A

A eukaryotic organism which cannot be classified as plant, animal or fungus; usually unicellular

156
Q

Pseudocoelom

A

A false coelom; a body cavity that is only partially surrounded by mesoderm; in members of Nematoda

157
Q

Pseudopodium

A

False foot

158
Q

Pyrenoid

A

A structure associated with the chloroplast of some algae; site where the sugar produced by photosynthesis is converted to starch for storage purposes

159
Q

Radula

A

In mollusks, a tongue like organ bearing many teeth for rasping food

160
Q

Rhizoid

A

1) In fungi, a type of hypha that anchors the fungus in the substrate and is involved in extracellular digestion
2) In some plants, a hairlike structure involved in anchorage and water absorption

161
Q

Rhizome

A

In plants, a horizontal stem that usually grows undergorund

162
Q

Root

A

In plants, an organ that anchors the plant and absorbs water and minerals from the soil

163
Q

Saprotroph

A

A heterotropic organism which obtains its energy by breaking down dead organic material; a decomposer

164
Q

Scavenger

A

An animal which consumes the remains of dead animals

165
Q

Seed

A

A protective structure in seed plants that consists of a young sporophyte with a food supply enclosed in integuments; aids in dispersal

166
Q

Seed coat

A

The protective, waterproof outer layer of the seed developed from the intrguments of the ovule

167
Q

Segmentation

A

The division of the body into similar repeated parts

168
Q

Seminal Receptacle

A

A sac for storing sperm in a female animal or in a hermaphroditic invertebrate

169
Q

Seminal vesicle

A

In some animals, an organ which stores sperm in the male and adds secretions to the semen

170
Q

Sepal

A

A flower part that protects the flower bud in flowering plants

171
Q

Septum

A

A partition between two cells or cavities; in many fungal hyphae, the septa are cell walls which divide the hypha into distinct cells

172
Q

Setae

A

Small bristles found on “Lumbrucus” used to increase traction in its burrow

173
Q

Shell

A

A hard protective covering that is made up of calcium carbonate in members of the phylum Mollusca

174
Q

Spicule

A

A hardened pointed structure found within the body of sponges that protect them from predators; made of either calcium carbonate or silica

175
Q

Spirillum

A

Spiral shaped bacteria

176
Q

Spongin

A

A fibrous protein that is a component of the body of a sponge

177
Q

Spongocoel

A

The internal cavity in sponges, which is lined with flagellated cells that produce a current for filter feeding

178
Q

Sporangiophore

A

In a fungi, a Type of aerial hypha which bears a sporangium and elevates it from the surface to facilitate spore dispersal; involved in asexual reproduction

179
Q

Sporangium

A

A structure which produces spores; in fungi, plants and some algal protists

180
Q

Spore

A

A reproductive cell which is usually haploid and is often adapted for dispersal; spores are formed by plants, fungi and some protists

181
Q

Sporophyll

A

A modified leaf of a plant that bears one or more sporangia

182
Q

Sporophyte

A

The multicellular diploid generation in the life cycle of a plant; produces spores by meiosis

183
Q

Stamen

A

A male reproductive organ in angiosperm flowers which is made up of the anther and the filament

184
Q

Stigma

A

The tip of the carpel or pistil, which receives pollen

185
Q

Stolon

A

1) In fungi, a horizontally growing hypha that spreads the fungus over its food source
2) In plants, a horizontally growing stem that produces buds along its length that can become new plants

186
Q

Style

A

The portion of a carpel or pistil between the stigma and the ovary in angiosperm flowers

187
Q

Symbiont

A

An organism that lives in association with another organism; the association may be beneficial to both of the organisms (mutualism) , beneficial to one and not significant to the other (commensalism) or beneficial to one and harmful to the other (parasitism)

188
Q

Terrestrial

A

Associated with land

189
Q

Thallus

A

A simple undifferentiated body; found in some algal protists and gametophytes of some plants

190
Q

Thylakoid

A

An arrangement of flattened membranes which contain chlorophyll and are used for photosynthesis; in members of the phylum Cyanobacteria as well as in chloroplasts of algal protists and plants

191
Q

Tissue

A

In multicellular organisms, an association of many structurally and functionally similar cells.

192
Q

Tracheid

A

A think-walled, water-conducting cell of vascular tissue in plants

193
Q

Tripoblastic

A

A type of body plan with three germ layers

194
Q

Unicellular

A

An organism or part of an organism consisting of only one cell

195
Q

Vascular plant

A

A plant that has vascular tissue

196
Q

Vascular tissue

A

In plants, tissue which consists of tubular arrangements of cells involved in transport of substances including water and dissolved sugars

197
Q

Velum

A

Tissue on the underside of a mushroom cap which encloses and protects the gills until they are mature and ready to release spores

198
Q

Venation

A

The particular pattern of branching of vascular tissue (vein) in leaves of angiosperms

199
Q

Visceral Mass

A

In mulluscs, the part of the body that contains the internal organs

200
Q

Xylem

A

A type of vascular tissue in plants which transport water and minerals

201
Q

Zygospore

A

A zygote that matures into a think walled spore. It is often a resting or overwintering stage, resistant to harsh environmental conditions

202
Q

Zygote

A

A diploid cell formed when two gametes fuse

Bio 121 Lab (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions