Definitions

Question 0

Butte

Answer 0

Flat topped hill like a mesa, but smaller.

Question 1

Mesa

Answer 1

Flat landform that looks like a hill with a flat top - smaller than a plateau.

Question 2

Canyon

Answer 2

A deep narrow valley with steep sides.

Question 3

Grand Canyon

Answer 3

Located in northern Arizona. One of deepest in world.

Question 4

Erosion

Answer 4

The action of water, wind or ice in wearing away soil and rock

Question 5

Desert

Answer 5

Can vary in appearance, some are dry and lifeless, some are full of life and plants. Bib Bend National Park in TX has desert covered with scrub brush and grass.

Question 6

Adaptation

Answer 6

Changes made over time by a species of animal or plant allowing it to survive in an environment.

Question 7

Sonoran Desert

Answer 7

In Arizona. Giant cactus trees called saguros live there. These can store several tons of water in their trunks.

Question 8

Dust Bowl

Answer 8

Area of the Great Plains that experienced terrible droughts and dust storms.

Question 9

Aquifer

Answer 9

Layer of rock or gravel that traps water underground

Question 10

Dry Farming

Answer 10

A way to grow crops with only rain water

Question 11

Petroleum

Answer 11

A fuel, commonly called oil, that formed underground from dead plants

Question 12

Pattillo Higgins

Answer 12

Texas mechanic and oil driller whose drilling led to the first gusher.
From Beaumont, TX.

Question 13

Boom town (like Tulsa, OK)

Answer 13

Town that grows rapidly in population, mainly due to oil discovery.

Question 14

Crude oil

Answer 14

Petroleum as it comes out of the ground (bubbles up)

Question 15

Refinery

Answer 15

Factory where crude oil is cleaned, separated into parts, and treated to make petroleum products.

Question 16

Houston, TX

Answer 16

The top oil-refining center in the U.S.

Question 17

Petrochemical

Answer 17

Substance made from petroleum, including paint, plastics, cloth, insulation, fertilizers, and pesticides.

Question 18

Prudhoe Bay, Alaska

Answer 18

Largest deposit of petroleum in U.S.

Question 19

International Trade

Answer 19

Buying and selling of goods between countries.

Question 20

Nigeria

Answer 20

A major oil-trading country in west Africa, on Gulf of Guinea.

Question 21

Herding

Answer 21

The raising of large numbers of animals.

Question 22

Hogan

Answer 22

Traditional Navajo home build from short logs covered with bark and dried mud

Question 23

Manuelito

Answer 23

Navajo leader who took part in conflicts between the Navajo and the U.S. Refused to get off the land so his herd was killed.

Question 24

Kit Carson

Answer 24

Trapper and scout who led U.S. troops against the Navajo during the 1860s.

Question 25

The Long Walk

Answer 25

The forced march of many Navajo to Fort Sumner, New Mexico, where they were put in jail (imprisoned).

Question 26

Dinetah

Answer 26

Navajo reservation is often called this

Question 27

Window Rock, AZ

Answer 27

Navajo capital

Question 28

Santa Fe

Answer 28

Capital of New Mexico (NM)

Question 29

Francisco Coronado

Answer 29

Spanish explorer and conquistador who led an army from Mexico into the Southwest and Kansas.

Question 30

Conquistador

Answer 30

Means conqueror

Question 31

Mission

Answer 31

Spanish settlement in Americas where priests taught Native Americans the Christian religion

Question 32

Ranch

Answer 32

Large farms where animals such as sheep or cattle are raised

Question 33

Vaquero

Answer 33

Spanish word for “cowboy” - workers on cattle ranches.

Question 34

Lizzie Johnson Williams

Answer 34

Magazine writer and rancher known as the “Cattle Queen of Texas”

Question 35

Cattle drive

Answer 35

Journey in which cowboys herded cattle north to railroad depots in the late 1800s

Question 36

Chisholm Trail

Answer 36

Cattle drive route from San Antonio, TX to Abilene, KS in 1880s

Question 37

Barbed wire

Answer 37

wire with sharp points that is used to fence off areas of land, invented by Joseph Glidden

Question 38

Feedlot

Answer 38

Large pens in which cattle are fattened before being sold

Question 39

Phoenix, AZ

Answer 39

capital and largest city in AZ - population has grown at an amazing rate

Question 40

Sun Belt

Answer 40

Areas in the Southeast, Southwest and West that have a warm, sunny climate all or most of the year

Question 41

Nuclear energy

Answer 41

Energy that comes from splitting or joining parts of atoms

Question 42

Astronomers

Answer 42

Scientists who study planets and stars

Question 43

Kitt Peak

Answer 43

Mountain near Tucson, AZ where and observatory is located where astronomers use the McMath telescope - the largest solar telescope in the world.