definitions 2 Flashcards
biological factors
factors that relate to the body and how it functions
sociocultural factors
the social and cultural factors in which people are born, grow, live and work
environmental factors
the physical surroundings in which people live, work and play
biomedical model of health
an approach to health that focuses on the physical or biological aspects of disease and illness. A medical model practices by doctors or health professionals.
- band aid method
- diagnosis, treatment and cure
social model of health
an approach to health that recognises improvements in h&w can only be achieved by directing effort towards addressing the sociocultural, political, physical environments of health that have an impact on individuals and population groups.
AREAS
health promotion
process of enabling people to increase control over, and improve their health
old public health
government actions that focused on changing the physical environment to reduce the spread of diseases.
- providing safe water, sanitation, improved nutrition
public health
the ways in which governments monitor, regulate and promote h&w and prevent illness
sanitation
process of eliminating contacts between humans and hazardous waste
ottawa charter for health promotion
an approach to health developed by WHO that aims to reduce inequalities in health.
-BCSDR
-enable, advocate, mediate
medicare
Australia’s universal health care scheme, allows Aus citizens and permanent residents access to subsidised health care, administered by the federal government
PBS
a program of the australian government that subsidises the cost of essential prescription medicines for Australian citizens and permanent residents
NDIS
national insurance scheme that provides services and support to people with permanent, significant disabilities
PHI
a type of insurance in which members pay a premium fee in return for payment towards health related costs not covered by medicare
discrimination
being treated differently than others because of race, religion, sex, sexual orientation and gender identity
inequality
unequal or unjust distribution of resources or opportunities among members of society
sustainability
meeting the needs or the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs
social sustainability
creating an equitable society that meets the needs of all citizens and can be maintained indefinitely - human rights, access, participation
economic sustainability
ensuring that all average incomes in all countries are adequate to sustain a decent standard of living and continue to rise in line with inflation and living costs in the future
environmental sustainability
ensuring the natural environment is used in a way that will preserve resources into the future
human development
creating an environment in which people can…
- develop to their full potential
- lead productive, creative lives according to needs and interests
- enhance capabilities
- expand choices
- access to knowledge
- participate in the life of their community and decisions affecting their lives
HDI
a tool developed by the UN to measure and rank countries’ levels of social and economic development. Provides a single statistic (1 being the highest) based on…
3 dimensions
- long and healthy life
- knowledge
- decent standard of living
4 indicators
- LE at birth
- mean years of schooling
- expected years of schooling
- GNI per capita
WHO
a branch of the UN, works with governments and other agencies around the world to achieve better health for everyone, everywhere.
Responds to a range of global health issues to improve the h&w of all people
who priorities
- achieving universal health coverage ( 1 billion more people benefitting from health coverage)
- addressing health emergencies ( 1 billion more people better protected from health emergencies)
- promoting healthier populations (1 billion more people enjoying better h&w)
aid
assistance given to countries or communities in the event of a crisis or for the development of long term sustainable improvements
humanitarian/emergency aid
immediate assistance given to people or communities in immediate distress to relieve suffering during and after emergencies
multilateral aid
aid provided through an international organisation such as world bank, UN, WHO. They combine donations from several countries and distribute them to places in need
bilateral aid
the provision of aid from the government of one country to the governments of another country
NGO aid
aid provided by NGOs often focuses on communities - specific projects or programs, emergency aid, volunteering, education
world vision
an NGO that works with children, families and communities around the world to overcome poverty and injustice. FUNDED through a variety of activities - general donations, emergency relief appeals.
3 APPROACHES - community dev, humanitarian and emergency relief, tackling injustice through policy change, education and advocacy
