Definitions Flashcards
Projection
Defense mechanism; Falsely attributing their own unacceptable feelings/thoughts to another; Removes focus from the patient
ie. pt who is angry w/ therapist suddenly accuses therapist of being angry with him.
Psychomotor retardation
Slow in/voluntary movments
Hypokinesia, bradykinesia
Tx= methylphenidate (s/e= insomnia, arrhythmia)
Schizoid personality d/o
Cluster A: “Mad” odd and eccentric
-Loner, detached, flat affect, restricted emotions, indifferent to interpersonal relationships
Schizotypal personality d/o
Cluster A: "mad" Odd, eccentric, magical thinking, paranoid, not psychotic (no hallucinations or fixed delusions). *projection, regression, fantasy *assoc w/ family h/o schizophrenia (think of video gamers)
Paranoid personality d/o
Cluster A: “mad”
Distrustful and suspicious, constricted affect, tendency to interpret actions of others as deliberate, questioning loyalty/trustworthiness, holds grudges, *NO delusions or hallucinations,
*Projection
Histrionic personality d/o
Cluster B: “bad”
Excessively emotional, attention-seeking, theatrical speech, seductive
*Reaction formation, repression
-Tx; group therapy
Narcissistic personality d/o
Cluster B: “bad”
Self-important, needs admiration, dismissive of feelings of others/lack of empathy, entitled to special treatment, fantasies about obtaining unlimited power/success, exaggerate achievements, jealous of others’ achievments
*denial, devaluation, idealization
Antisocial personality d/o
Cluster B: “bad”
Lacks empathy, acts out, aggressive, no remorse, impulsive
*must have h/o conduct disorder as a child
SSRIs and mood stabilizers to reduce aggressive sx.
Borderline personality d/o
Cluster B: “bad”
Impulsive, unstable relationships, affective instability, suicidal behavior, sexually acting out
*Splitting, projection
Tx= dialectical behavioral therapy
Obsessive-compulsive personality d/o
Cluster C: “sad”
Perfectionistic, control freak, hyper-focused on orderliness.
Rigidity, stubornness, trouble meeting deadlines/making choices.
*reaction formation
Avoidant personality d/o
Cluster C: “sad”
Hypersensitive to criticism, socially uncomforatble, *seeks out interpersonal relationships but w/ great discomfort, very sensitive to rejection or change of being rejected, feelings of inadequacy
Tx= pyschotherapy, SSRI or betaxolol for anxiety
Dependent personality d/o
Cluster C: “sad”
Submissive, clinging, needs to be taken care of, seeks others to make decisions for them
Idealization
Defense mechanism; pt deals w/ emotional conflict by attributing exaggerated positive qualities to others.
ie. woman being abused/neglect by husband states “he is the best thing that ever happened to me.”
Reaction formation
Defense mechanism; pt deals w/ emotional conflict by substituting behavior, thoughts, or feelings that are diametrically opposed to his/her own acceptable thoughts.
ie. woman is angry w/ cheating husband cooks him a nice dinner and acts sweetly towards him.
Delirium tremens
Disorientation, fluctuation in level of consciousness, elevated vital signs, tremors as result of abrupt reduction/cessation of heavy EtOH use that has lasted for a prolonged period of time
Korsakoff syndrome
Anterograde and retrograde amnesia with confabulation
-irreversible; caused by thiamine deficiency
Wernicke syndrome
- Acute, reversible encephalopathy resulting from thiamine deficiency
- Triad: delirium, opthalmoplegia, ataxia.
Agnosia
Failure to recognize or identify objects despite intact sensory functions
Apraxia
Impaired ability to carry out motor activities despite intact motor function
Ideas of reference
False beliefs that, for example, a TV or radio performer, song, or newspaper article refers to oneself.
Agoraphobia
Anxiety about being in places or situations from which escape might be difficult (or embarrassing) or in which help cannot be available in the event of experiencing a panic attack.
Ego-dystonic
Describes a character deficit perceived by a patient as objectionable, distressing, or inconsistent to the self
Ego-syntonic
Describes a character deficit perceived by the patient to be acceptable, unobjectionable, and consistent to the self.
- Pt tends to blame others for problems that occur.
- Personality d/o’s are ego-syntonic
Tangential speech
When one’s thoughts “take off on a tangent” from the initial question or line of thought and do NOT return to the original line of thinking.
