Definitions

Question 1

Isotopes

Answer 1

Atoms of the same element with different numbers or neutrons but same number of protons.

Question 2

Relative isotopic mass

Answer 2

The mass of an atom of an isotope compared with 1/12th of the mass of an atom of carbon-12.

Question 3

Relative atomic mass

Answer 3

The weighted mean mass of an atom of an element compared with 1/12th of the mass of an atom of carbon-12.

Question 4

Ionic bonding

Answer 4

The electrostatic attraction between positive and negative ions.

Question 5

Covalent bond

Answer 5

The electrostatic attraction between a shared pair of electrons and the nuclei of the bonded atoms.

Question 6

Atomic orbital

Answer 6

The region of space around the nucleus that can hold up to 2 electrons, with opposite spins.

Question 7

Electronegativity

Answer 7

The ability of a bonded atom to attract the pair of electrons in a covalent bond.

Question 8

First ionisation energy

Answer 8

The energy required to remove 1 mol of electrons from 1 mol of gaseous atoms of an element to form 1 mol of gaseous 1+ ions.

Question 9

Metallic bonding

Answer 9

Electrostatic attraction between cations and delocalised electrons.

Question 10

Disproportionation reaction

Answer 10

A reaction where the same element is both oxidised and reduced.

Question 11

Enthalpy change of reaction