Definitions Flashcards
What are the main categories of design?
4 main categories of design using contemporary national and international case studies
Categories include materials, production processes, form and function.
What does the design process encompass?
Linear and cyclical models, other models and strategies, influence of trends on the design process
Revision of previous grades is included.
What are the data collection methods in research skills?
Research skills involve data collection methods and referencing skills (Shortened Harvard Method)
Revision of previous grades is included.
Define symbolic language.
Signs, symbols, pictograms, ideograms, typography
It is used in various contexts including popular culture.
What is the difference between signs and symbols?
Signs have practical, unambiguous meaning; symbols are more complex and have greater imaginative resonance
Signs are straightforward while symbols require interpretation.
What elements are part of the design principles?
Unity, Contrast, Dominance/Emphasis, Variety, Repetition/Rhythm, Harmony, Balance, Gradation, Scale/Proportion, Directional forces
These principles guide effective design.
What is Gestalt theory?
A theory that includes principles like Closure, Continuation, Figure-ground, Proximity, Contiguity, Alignment, Uniform connectedness, Similarity, Pragnanz
These principles help understand visual perception.
What is an entrepreneurial design career?
Having the qualities needed to set up business deals to make a profit
It involves creativity and business acumen.
What is a brief in the design process?
Written or verbal instructions or suggestions specifying an assignment or project
It sets the foundation for the design work.
Define the creative economy.
Value based on the use of imagination and creativity rather than property, labour and capital
It encapsulates culture, services, and research.
What does the term ‘clients’ refer to in design?
Individuals and groups who order, buy, receive, use or view art, craft and design products and/or services
It is an umbrella term for various stakeholders.
What is infographics?
Organising, structuring and labelling information effectively to enable users to access information and complete tasks
Visual representations of data enhance understanding.
What does the experience economy emphasize?
The perceived need for experiences beyond core services
It focuses on customer engagement.
What is intellectual property?
Ideas and designs developed by an individual or group, often protected by patents or trademarks
It safeguards creators’ rights.
What is a patent?
An exclusive right granted for an invention for a limited period, generally 20 years
It protects new processes or products.
What are the characteristics of above the line (ATL) marketing?
Involves mass media like TV, radio, web, and magazine, aimed at a mass audience
Often involves branding and commissions.
Define crowd sourcing.
A wide range of activities including requests for solutions or specific tasks from a large group
It can include voting, funding, and competitions.
What does below the line (BTL) marketing refer to?
Niche focused promotions using mediums other than mass media
It often involves direct engagement with individuals.
What is design efficiency?
Design that utilises maximum effect with minimum expenditure/effort/input
It aims for resource optimization.
What are design cooperatives?
A participatory form of design involving stakeholders in the design process
Ensures designs meet various needs.
Define fair trade.
A social movement promoting sustainability by ensuring better trading conditions
It aims for fair prices for producers in developing countries.
What is ethical design?
Design that creates products, services, and systems that do no harm and improve human situations
It considers all involved in the lifecycle.
What does corporate social responsibility (CSR) entail?
Integrating social and environmental policies into corporate business models
It involves sustainability and ethical standards.
What is open-source design?
Design that is gifted to the Creative Commons or Public Domain for collaborative improvement
It encourages grassroots involvement.
What is the triple bottom line?
People, planet, profit; it captures values for measuring organizational success
It expands the criteria for success.
What is the marketing mix?
The four elements of marketing: product, price, promotion, place
It helps satisfy consumer needs effectively.
What is visual merchandising?
The use and manipulation of displays and floor plans to promote sales
It focuses on the psychological effects of presentation.
What is branding?
A trademark or distinctive name identifying a product or manufacturer
It embodies all information connected to a company.
What does trend forecasting involve?
Identifying consumers’ attitudes, needs, and wants to match products and styles
It typically looks two years ahead.
Define guerrilla marketing.
A low-cost advertising strategy using innovative and unconventional methods
Examples include sticker bombing and flash mobs.
What is consumer buying behaviour?
The sum total of a consumer’s attitudes, preferences, intentions, and decisions in the marketplace
It influences purchasing patterns.
What is greenwashing?
Marketing that promotes the perception of environmental sustainability
It can mislead consumers about a company’s practices.
