Definitions

Question 1

What is the definition of Politics?

Answer 1

Activities related to influencing, making, and implementing collective decisions

Politics encompasses a wide range of activities, including lobbying, campaigning, and governance.

Question 2

Define Power in a political context.

Answer 2

The ability to affect the behaviour of others, particularly by getting them to act in ways that they otherwise would not have done

Power can be exercised through various means, including leadership, coercion, persuasion, and authority.

Question 3

What is a State?

Answer 3

An independent, self-governing country whose governing institutions are able to make and enforce rules that are binding on the people living within a particular territory

A state typically has defined geographical boundaries, a permanent population, and a government.

Question 4

What does Government refer to?

Answer 4

The set of institutions that have the authority to make executive decisions, present proposed laws, taxes, and expenditures to the appropriate legislative body; and oversee the implementation of laws and policies

Governments can take various forms, including democracies, autocracies, and monarchies.

Question 5

What is Authority?

Answer 5

The right to exercise power

Authority can stem from various sources, including legal, traditional, and charismatic foundations.

Question 6

Define Legitimacy in a political context.

Answer 6

The acceptance by the people that those in positions of authority have the right to exercise power

Legitimacy is crucial for the stability of a government and often relies on public perception and consent.

Question 7

What is democracy?

Answer 7

Rule by the people either directly or through the election of representatives.

Question 8

Define Direct Democracy.

Answer 8

A form of democracy in which citizens are directly involved in making the governing decisions.

Question 9

What is Representative Democracy?

Answer 9

A form of democracy in which citizens elect representatives to make governing decisions on their behalf.

Question 10

What characterizes Liberal Democracy?

Answer 10

A system in which the powers of government are limited by law, the rights of the people to engage in political activity freely are well established, and fair elections are held to choose those who make governing decisions.

Question 11

What is Plebiscitary Democracy?

Answer 11

The use of referendums, initiatives, and recall procedures as an alternative to what some view as the elite-oriented nature of representative democracy.

Question 12

What is a referendum?

Answer 12

A vote by the people on a particular question asked by the government or legislative body.

Referendums are often used to gauge public opinion on specific issues or to decide on significant policy changes.

Question 13

Define initiative in the context of lawmaking.

Answer 13

A proposed new law or changes to an existing law drafted by an individual or group rather than by a government or legislature.

The proposal is put to a vote by the people after enough signatures have been collected.

Question 14

What is the purpose of a recall?

Answer 14

A procedure that allows citizens to recall their representative and require that a new election be held, providing sufficient names are obtained on a petition.

This process empowers voters to remove elected officials from office before the end of their term.

Question 15

What characterizes deliberative democracy?

Answer 15

A form of democracy in which governing decisions are made based on discussion by citizens.

This approach emphasizes the importance of dialogue and reasoned debate among citizens.

Question 16

What is social democracy?

Answer 16

The perspective that greater social and economic equality is needed for a country to be fully democratic.

Social democracy advocates for policies that promote social justice within a capitalist framework.

Question 17

What does good government require?

Answer 17

Accountability, Transparency, Responsiveness, Participation, and Inclusiveness

These principles ensure that governing institutions and policies are effective and representative.

Question 18

What was established by the Royal Proclamation of 1763?

Answer 18

British rule over former French colonies after the French defeat in the Seven Years’ War

This proclamation marked a significant shift in colonial governance.

Question 19

Who were the Loyalists during the American War of Independence?

Answer 19

Americans who remained loyal to the British Crown

Many Loyalists migrated to British colonies, such as Canada, after the war.

Question 20

What did the Quebec Act of 1774 guarantee?

Answer 20

Catholics could freely practice their religion, privileges of the church would remain, and French civil law would continue alongside English law

This act was significant in maintaining the cultural and religious identity of French Canadians.

Question 21

What did the Constitutional Act of 1791 accomplish?

Answer 21

Divided Quebec into two separate colonies: Upper Canada and Lower Canada

This act aimed to address the governance of the growing populations in these regions.

Question 22

What is the Enlightenment?

Answer 22

A movement in the 17th and 18th centuries that argues everything in existence could be explained by reason and that reason can change the world for the better.

Question 23

Who were the American founding fathers associated with the Enlightenment?

Answer 23

John Adams, Thomas Jefferson, James Madison

Question 24

What significant revolutions were influenced by Enlightenment ideas?

Answer 24

American Revolution and French Revolution

Question 25

What is a Responsible Government?

Answer 25

A governing system in which the executive is responsible to an elected, representative legislative body and must retain its support to remain in office.

Question 26

What did the Durham Report recommend?

Answer 26

The union of upper and lower Canada and the adoption of responsible government.

Question 27

What was the Act of Union 1840?

Answer 27

An act that united upper and lower Canada, creating the united province of Canada ## Footnote This act aimed to create a more efficient governmental structure in response to political unrest.

Question 28

What did the British North American Act 1867 establish?

Answer 28

The dominion of Canada (AKA the constitution act 1867) ## Footnote This act marked the beginning of Canada's confederation and established its federal structure.

Question 29

What was the purpose of the Statute of Westminster 1931?

Answer 29

To end British control of Canada ## Footnote This statute granted full legal freedom to Canada, except in areas where it chose to remain subordinate.

Question 30

What did the National Policy entail?

Answer 30

A Canadian government policy adopted in 1879 that included: * Railway construction * High tariff on imported manufactured products * Encouragement of immigration to western Canada ## Footnote The policy aimed to promote economic growth and development within Canada.

Question 31

What was the National Energy Program?

Answer 31

A Canadian government program adopted in 1980 that included: * Keeping oil prices below international levels * Increasing the Canadian government's share of oil revenue * Establishing a federal crown corporation involved in the oil industry ## Footnote The program aimed to promote Canadian control over its energy resources and manage oil prices.

Question 32

What is a nation?

Answer 32

A historical community with its own institutions, occupying a given territory or land and sharing a distinct language and culture ## Footnote Nations often have a shared identity and common history.

Question 33

Define Classical Liberalism.

Answer 33

An ideology that emphasizes personal freedom, based on the belief that individuals are generally capable of using reason in pursuit of their own interests. ## Footnote Classical liberalism advocates for limited government and individual rights.

Question 34

What is Neo Liberalism?

Answer 34

An ideological perspective based on strong belief in free market system with the role of government reduced to minimum. Individual responsibility. ## Footnote Neo-liberalism promotes deregulation and privatization.

Question 35

Define Conservatism.

Answer 35

An ideology that looks to laws, based on traditional or religious moral values and establishes institutions to maintain orderly society. ## Footnote Conservatism often resists rapid change and values tradition.

Question 36

What does Liberalism emphasize?

Answer 36

An ideology that emphasizes personal freedom and the protection of individual rights and freedoms. ## Footnote Liberalism advocates for civil liberties and political freedoms.

Question 37

Define Socialism.

Answer 37

An ideology that emphasizes the value of social and economic equality and is generally critical of the capitalist economic system. ## Footnote Socialism advocates for social ownership and democratic control of the means of production.

Question 38

What is the role of the state in Classical Liberalism?

Answer 38

The state should remain neutral in cultural and religious matters and protect individual rights and freedoms and life, liberty and property. ## Footnote This reflects the core belief in individual autonomy.

Question 39

Fill in the blank: An ideology that emphasizes personal freedom is called _______.

Answer 39

Liberalism ## Footnote Liberalism is often associated with democratic governance.

Question 40

True or False: Neo Liberalism advocates for a strong role of government in the economy.

Answer 40

False ## Footnote Neo-liberalism seeks to minimize government intervention.

Question 41

What is a key characteristic of Conservatism?

Answer 41

Establishes institutions to maintain orderly society based on traditional or religious moral values. ## Footnote Conservatism often values social stability and continuity.

Question 42

What is Keynesian Economics?

Answer 42

A perspective on managing the economy through government stimulation when business investment is weak and cooling the economy when inflation is rampant ## Footnote This economic theory emphasizes the role of government intervention to stabilize economic cycles.

Question 43

What does Pay Equity require?

Answer 43

Equal pay be given for work of equal value, primarily in occupations where staff is mostly women. ## Footnote Pay equity seeks to eliminate gender-based wage disparities.

Question 44

What are Employment Equity Programs?

Answer 44

Programs that encourage or require the hiring/promotion of women or underrepresented populations. ## Footnote These programs aim to create a more inclusive workforce.

Question 45

Define Political Culture.

Answer 45

The fundamental political values, beliefs, and orientations that are widely held within a political community. ## Footnote Political culture influences how citizens engage with their government and participate in civic life.

Question 46

What is Political Ideology?

Answer 46

A set of ideas, values, and beliefs about politics, society, and the economic system, often based on assumptions of human nature ## Footnote Political ideologies help shape political behavior and influence policy-making.

Question 47

What did the Constitutional Act 1791 accomplish?

Answer 47

It divided Quebec into two separate colonies: upper Canada and lower Canada. ## Footnote This act was significant in the administrative restructuring of Canada.