Definitions Flashcards
Decorative wood with a routed bead, usually located in 30’s style buildings
Bead board
A force that passes through the center of an object
Axial load
Opening in masonry or frame walls to support roof or floor beams. Maybe restrained or unrestrained beams
Beam pocket
Horizontal member used to support vertically applied loads across an opening
Beam
Usually a wood member closing the gap between trusses on the outside bearing wall
Bird stop/ frieze board
Course or courses reinforced with rebar and filled with grout, usually ties top of walls and holds ledger bolt and saddles for beams that support roof structures holding top plate in which trusses are nailed
Bond beam
Beam or column constructed of lumber, forming a hollow “box” spanning opening or columns
Box Beam
Clay masonry unit
Brick
Concealed spaces in roof structures usually associated where two roof lines come together
Build-Overs
Outside strengthening column in a masonry or concrete building
Butress
Hollow area in block
Cell
Ceramic component used to secure electrical wiring in 30’s style buildings
Ceramic insulators
Concealed space used to run electric, ductwork, and pluming in a structure
Chase
Concrete masonry unit / cinder block
CMU
Horizontal connecting member connecting roof rafters in conventional framing
Collar Tie
A vertical supporting member designed to carry a compressive load
Column
A force that pushes together
Compression
Refers to a row of brick or block
Course
Small in-roof structures used to deflect water, usually hiding a consealed space
Crickets
Weight of the building itself and any equipment permanently attached
Dead Load
Attic vent located on the roof where louvers are vertical to the roof pitch
Dormer Vent
Generally 1x material located on top edge of fascia, designed to drop water away from the fascia
Drip edge or shingle mold
Load that is applied off center
Eccentric loads
Enclosed area of overhang creating concealed space
Exterior soffits
Usually decorative wood placed horizontally on the ends of trusses on the bottom of the roof line
Fascia
Beams with an angle cut away from the supporting walls of column designed to fail early in fire situation to prevent wall collapse usually in unreinforced masonry buildings, but still used today
Fire cut beam
Formed metal used to deal roof coverings
Flashing
Louvered side vent to the attic space on a gable roof house
Gable end vent
A truss designed to support itself and trusses from an additional section of the building
Girder truss
Glass modular unit, usually 4” thick, mortared together for window panels, walls and architectural features
Glass block
Concrete that fills cells of blocks
Grout
Metal plate with stamped gang nail used to connect wood in lightweight trusses
Gusset plate
Ends of blocks
Blocks
Beam spanning an opening in a frame building
Header
Sudden load delivered to a structure. I.E. Jumping onto a roof
Impact load
Enclosed area creating a concealed space usually over cabinets, hallways and bathrooms
Interior Soffits
Vertical supporting member running from ridge beam to interior bearing wall in conventional framing
King post
Brick layed perpendicular to the wall structure in unreinforced masonry used for wall strengthening
Kings row
Wood member attached to exterior walls for hanging roofs and floors
Ledger
Reinforcing steel spanning a opening in a masonry
Lintel
Any load other than dead load, water, snow machinery firefighters
Live load
Wall carrying a load from another part of the structure in addition to its own weight
Load bearing walls
Supporting members for rake overhang on a gable roof
Lookouts / Barge rafters
Cement sand mixture that bonds brick and block
Mortar
Dividing panels in a window
Mullions
A wall supporting only it’s own weight
Non-Load bearing wall
Oriented strand board wood chips glued and pressed together to form 4x8 sheating
OSB
Vertical and horizontal space in a wall, usually associated with apartments. Used for sound deadening and utility placement
Party wall / sound wall
Any member running at a ninety degree angle to the main supporting roof members
Purlin
Inside strengthening column in a masonry or concrete building usually supporting a roof member
Pilaster
1/4 “ drywall with holes attached to interior walls and ceiling covered with plaster. Used in 50 style building
Plaster board
4x8 wood sheet composed of wood play’s glued and pressed together in alternating grain direction
Plywood
Steel cables in poured concrete capable of being tensioned after the concrete has cured
Post tension concrete
Tension applied to reinforcing steel before concrete is poured bridge I beam
Pre tension concrete
Poured, pre-formed metal panels used as a sub base for lightweight floors and roof systems
Q decking
Vertical support member between ridge and outline bearing wall in conventional framing
Queen post
Roof overhang running from the facia to the ridge
Rake/Barge
Steel reinforcing bar for concrete and masonry, whose system for measuring diameter is based in eighths
Rebar
Concrete with reinforced steel
Reinforced concrete
Wood member running along ridge that roof rafters tie to In Conventional framing
Ridge beam
Horizontal member usually nailed to wall members. Usually in balloon type framing for attaching roof or floor structures
Rim joist
Insulated electrical wire with outer plastic sheath used since early 50s
Romex
Method of measuring roof angle by relation of rise to run
Roof pitch
Lightweight truss where the bottom cord pitches up, forming a vaulted interior ceiling
Scissor truss
Opening in exterior walls or parapets for removing water off roofs
Scuppers
Split wood shingle in varying dimension and thickness used for roof covering
Shake shingles
Structural component of a roof with horizontal louvers for attic ventilation usually in 30’s style buildings
Shed dormer
Plywood or osb placed on frame buildings for lateral support under siding or stucco
Sheer panel
A force that tends to break materials by sliding past each other
Shear
Flashing on asphalt shingle roofs to limit water damage to wood fascia
Shingle mold
