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PMBOK Glossary > Definitions > Flashcards

Definitions Flashcards

1
Q

What are Acceptance Criteria?

A

A set of conditions that is required to be met before deliverables are accepted.

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2
Q

What is Accuracy?

A

( within the quality management system), is An assessment of correctness.

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3
Q

What is an Activity List?

A

A documented tabulation of schedule activities that shows the activity description, activity identifier, and a sufficiently detailed scope of work description so project team members understand what work is to be performed.

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4
Q

What is Actual Cost (AC)?

A

The realized cost incurred for the work performed on an activity during a specific time period.

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5
Q

What is an Adaptive Approach?

A

A development approach in which the requirements are subject to a high level of uncertainty and volatility and are likely to change throughout the project.

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6
Q

What is an Affinity Diagram?

A

A diagram that shows large numbers of ideas classified into groups for review and analysis.

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7
Q

What is Affinity Grouping?

A

The process of classifying items into similar categories or collections on the basis of their likeness.

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8
Q

What is Agile?

A

A term used to describe a mindset of values and principles as set forth in the Agile Manifesto.

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9
Q

What is Alternatives Analysis?

A

A method used to evaluate identified options in order to select the options or approaches to use to perform the work of the project.

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10
Q

What does Ambiguity mean?

A

A state of being unclear, having difficulty in identifying the cause of events, or having multiple options from which to choose.

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11
Q

What is Analogous Estimating?

A

A method for estimating the duration or cost of an activity or a project using historical data from a similar activity or project.

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12
Q

What is an Artifact?

A

A template, document, output, or project deliverable.

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13
Q

What is an Assumption?

A

A factor in the planning process that is considered to be true, real, or certain, without proof or demonstration.

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14
Q

What is Assumption and Constraint Analysis?

A

An assessment that ensures assumptions and constraints are integrated into the project plans and documents, and that there is consistency among them.

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15
Q

What is an Assumption Log?

A

A project document used to record all assumptions and constraints throughout the project.

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16
Q

What does Authority refer to in project management?

A

The right to apply project resources, expend funds, make decisions, or give approvals.

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17
Q

What is a Backlog?

A

An ordered list of work to be done.

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18
Q

What is Backlog Refinement?

A

Progressive elaboration of the content in the backlog and (re)prioritization of it to identify the work that can be accomplished in an upcoming iteration.

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19
Q

What is a Baseline?

A

The approved version of a work product, used as a basis for comparison to actual results.

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20
Q

What is the Basis of Estimates?

A

Supporting documentation outlining the details used in establishing project estimates such as assumptions, constraints, level of detail, ranges, and confidence levels.

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21
Q

What is Benchmarking?

A

The comparison of actual or planned products, processes, and practices to those of comparable organizations to identify best practices, generate ideas for improvement, and provide a basis for measuring performance.

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22
Q

What is a Benefits Management Plan?

A

The documented explanation defining the processes for creating, maximizing, and sustaining the benefits provided by a project or program.

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23
Q

What are Bid Documents?

A

All documents used to solicit information, quotations, or proposals from prospective sellers.

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24
Q

What is a Bidder Conference?

A

The meetings with prospective sellers prior to the preparation of a bid or proposal to ensure all prospective vendors have a clear and common understanding of the procurement.

Also known as contractor conferences, vendor conferences, or pre-bid conferences.

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25
Q

What is a Blocker?

A

A Blocker is synonymous with an impediment.

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26
Q

What is a Budget?

A

The approved estimate for the project or any work breakdown structure (WBS) component or any schedule activity.

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27
Q

What does Budget at Completion (BAC) mean?

A

The sum of all budgets established for the work to be performed.

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28
Q

What is a Burn Chart?

A

A graphical representation of the work remaining in a timebox or the work completed toward the release of a product or project deliverable.

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29
Q

What is a Business Case?

A

A value proposition for a proposed project that may include financial and nonfinancial benefits.

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30
Q

What is a Business Model Canvas?

A

A one-page, visual summary that describes the value proposition, infrastructure, customers, and finances. These are often used in Lean Startup situations.

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31
Q

What is Business Value?

A

The net quantifiable benefit derived from a business endeavor that may be tangible, intangible, or both.

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32
Q

What does Cadence refer to in project management?

A

A rhythm of activities conducted throughout the project.

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33
Q

What is a Cause-and-Effect Diagram?

A

A visual representation that helps trace an undesirable effect back to its root cause.

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34
Q

What does Change mean in project management?

A

A modification to any formally controlled deliverable, project management plan component, or project document.

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35
Q

What is Change Control?

A

A process whereby modifications to documents, deliverables, or baselines associated with the project are identified, documented, approved or rejected.

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36
Q

What is a Change Control Board (CCB)?

A

A formally chartered group responsible for reviewing, evaluating, approving, delaying, or rejecting changes to the project, and for recording and communicating such decisions.

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37
Q

What is a Change Control Plan?

A

A component of the project management plan that establishes the change control board, documents the extent of its authority, and describes how the change control system will be implemented.

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38
Q

What is a Change Control System?

A

A set of procedures that describes how modifications to the project deliverables and documentation are managed and controlled.

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39
Q

What is a Change Log?

A

A comprehensive list of changes submitted during the project and their current status.

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40
Q

What is Change Management?

A

A comprehensive, cyclic, and structured approach for transitioning individuals, groups, and organizations from a current state to a future state with intended business benefits.

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41
Q

What is a Change Request?

A

A formal proposal to modify a document, deliverable, or baseline.

42
Q

What is a Charter?

A

See project charter. A document issued by the project initiator or sponsor that formally authorizes the existence of a project and provides the project manager with the authority to apply organizational resources to project activities.

43
Q

What is a Check Sheet?

A

A tally sheet that can be used as a checklist when gathering data.

44
Q

What is the Closing Process Group?

A

The process(es) performed to formally complete or close a project, phase, or contract.

45
Q

What is a Communications Management Plan?

A

A component of the project, program, or portfolio management plan that describes how, when, and by whom information about the project will be administered and disseminated.

46
Q

What does Complexity refer to in project management?

A

A characteristic of a program or project or its environment that is difficult to manage due to human behavior, system behavior, and ambiguity.

47
Q

What is Confirmation Bias?

A

A type of cognitive bias that confirms preexisting beliefs or hypotheses.

48
Q

What is Conformance?

A

The degree to which the results meet the set quality requirements.

49
Q

What is a Constraint?

A

A limiting factor that affects the execution of a project, program, portfolio, or process.

50
Q

What is a Contingency?

A

An event or occurrence that could affect the execution of the project, which may be accounted for with a reserve.

51
Q

What is a Contingency Reserve?

A

Time or money allocated in the schedule or cost baseline for known risks with active response strategies.

52
Q

What is Continuous Delivery?

A

The practice of delivering feature increments immediately to customers, often through the use of small batches of work and automation technology.

53
Q

What is a Contract?

A

A mutually binding agreement that obligates the seller to provide the specified product, service, or result and obligates the buyer to pay for it.

54
Q

What is Control?

A

The process of comparing actual performance with planned performance, analyzing variances, assessing trends to effect process improvements, evaluating possible alternatives, and recommending appropriate corrective action as needed.

55
Q

What is a Control Chart?

A

A graphic display of process data over time and against established control limits, which has a centerline that assists in detecting a trend of plotted values toward either control limit.

56
Q

What is a Cost Baseline?

A

The approved version of the time-phased project budget, excluding any management reserves, which can be changed only through formal change control procedures and is used as a basis for comparison to actual results.

57
Q

What is Cost-Benefit Analysis?

A

A financial analysis method used to determine the benefits provided by a project against its costs.

58
Q

What is a Cost Management Plan?

A

A component of a project or program management plan that describes how costs will be planned, structured, and controlled.

59
Q

What is Cost of Quality (COQ)?

A

All costs incurred over the life of the product by investment in preventing nonconformance to requirements, appraisal of the product or service for conformance to requirements, and failure to meet requirements.

60
Q

What is Cost Performance Index (CPI)?

A

A measure of the cost efficiency of budgeted resources expressed as the basis of earned value to actual cost.

61
Q

What is a Cost Plus Award Fee Contract (CPAF)?

A

A category of contract that involves payments to the seller for all legitimate actual costs incurred for completed work, plus an award fee representing seller profit.

62
Q

What is a Cost Plus Fixed Fee Contract (CPFF)?

A

A type of cost-reimbursable contract where the buyer reimburses the seller for the seller’s allowable costs plus a fixed amount of profit (fee).

63
Q

What is a Cost Plus Incentive Fee Contract (CPIF)?

A

A type of cost-reimbursable contract where the buyer reimburses the seller for the seller’s allowable costs, and the seller earns its profit if it meets defined performance criteria.

64
Q

What is a Cost-Reimbursable Contract?

A

A type of contract involving payment to the seller for the seller’s actual costs, plus a fee typically representing the seller’s profit.

65
Q

What is Cost Variance (CV)?

A

The amount of budget deficit or surplus at a given point in time, expressed as the difference between the earned value and the actual cost.

66
Q

What is Crashing?

A

A method used to shorten the schedule duration for the least incremental cost by adding resources.

67
Q

What are Criteria?

A

Standards, rules, or tests on which a judgment or decision can be based or by which a product, service, result, or process can be evaluated.

68
Q

What is the Critical Path?

A

The sequence of activities that represents the longest path through a project, which determines the shortest possible duration.

69
Q

What is the Critical Path Method (CPM)?

A

A method used to estimate the minimum project duration and determine the amount of schedule flexibility on the logical network paths within the schedule model.

70
Q

What is a Cumulative Flow Diagram (CFD)?

A

A chart indicating features completed over time, features in other states of development, and those in the backlog.

71
Q

What is Cycle Time?

A

The total elapsed time from the start of a particular activity or work item to its completion.

72
Q

What is a Cycle Time Chart?

A

A diagram that shows the average cycle time of the work items completed over time.

73
Q

What is a Daily Standup?

A

A brief, daily collaboration meeting in which the team reviews progress from the previous day, declares intentions for the current day, and highlights any obstacles encountered or anticipated.

74
Q

What is a Dashboard in project management?

A

A set of charts and graphs showing progress or performance against important measures of the project.

75
Q

What are Data Gathering and Analysis Methods?

A

Methods used to collect, assess, and evaluate data and information to gain a deeper understanding of a situation.

76
Q

What is Decision Tree Analysis?

A

A diagramming and calculation method for evaluating the implications of a chain of multiple options in the presence of uncertainty.

77
Q

What is Decomposition?

A

A method used for dividing and subdividing the project scope and project deliverables into smaller, more manageable parts.

78
Q

What is the Definition of Done (DoD)?

A

A checklist of all the criteria required to be met so that a deliverable can be considered ready for customer use.

79
Q

What is a Deliverable?

A

Any unique and verifiable product, result, or capability to perform a service that is required to be produced to complete a process, phase, or project.

80
Q

What is the Delivery Performance Domain?

A

The performance domain that addresses activities and functions associated with delivering the scope and quality that the project was undertaken to achieve.

81
Q

What is a Development Approach?

A

A method used to create and evolve the product, service, or result during the project life cycle, such as a predictive, iterative, incremental, agile, or hybrid method.

82
Q

What is the Development Approach and Life Cycle Performance Domain?

A

The performance domain that addresses activities and functions associated with the development approach, cadence, and life cycle phases of the project.

83
Q

What is DevOps?

A

A collection of practices for creating a smooth flow of deliveries by improving collaboration between development and operations staff.

84
Q

What is an Estimate?

A

A quantitative assessment of the likely amount or outcome of a variable, such as project costs, resources, effort, or durations.

85
Q

What does Estimate at Completion (EAC) mean?

A

The expected total cost of completing all work expressed as the sum of the actual cost to date and the estimate to complete.

86
Q

What is Estimate to Complete (ETC)?

A

The expected cost to finish all the remaining project work.

87
Q

What are Estimating Methods?

A

Methods used to develop an approximation of work, time, or cost on a project.

88
Q

What is the Executing Process Group?

A

Those processes performed to complete the work defined in the project management plan to satisfy the project requirements.

89
Q

What does Expected Monetary Value (EMV) refer to?

A

The estimated value of an outcome expressed in monetary terms.

90
Q

What is Explicit Knowledge?

A

Knowledge that can be codified using symbols such as words, numbers, and pictures.

91
Q

What is an External Dependency?

A

A relationship between project activities and non-project activities.

92
Q

What is Fast Tracking?

A

A schedule compression method in which activities or phases normally done in sequence are performed in parallel for at least a portion of their duration.

93
Q

What is a Feature?

A

A set of related requirements or functionalities that provides value to an organization.

94
Q

What is a Digital Product?

A

A product or service that is delivered, used, and stored in an electronic format.

95
Q

What is a Discretionary Dependency?

A

A relationship that is based on best practices or project preferences.

96
Q

What is Duration in project management?

A

The total number of work periods required to complete an activity or work breakdown structure component, expressed in hours, days, or weeks.

97
Q

What is Earned Value (EV)?

A

The measure of work performed expressed in terms of the budget authorized for that work.

98
Q

What is Earned Value Analysis (EVA)?

A

An analysis method that uses a set of measures associated with scope, schedule, and cost to determine the cost and schedule performance of a project.

99
Q

What is Effort in project management?

A

The number of labor units required to complete a schedule activity or work breakdown structure component, often expressed in hours, days, or weeks.

100
Q

What is Emotional Intelligence?

A

The ability to identify, assess, and manage the personal emotions of oneself and other people, as well as the collective emotions of groups of people.

101
Q

What are Enterprise Environmental Factors (EEF)?

A

Conditions, not under the immediate control of the team, that influence, constrain, or direct the project, program, or portfolio.

102
Q

What is an Epic in project management?

A

A large, related body of work intended to hierarchically organize a set of requirements and deliver specific business outcomes.

PMBOK Glossary (2 decks)

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