definitions

Question 1

meiosis

Answer 1

cell division, takes place in reproductive organs, produces gametes

Question 2

gametes

Answer 2

sex cells which contains one set of chromosomes

Question 3

haploid

Answer 3

contains one set of chromosomes, limited to gametes

Question 4

diploid

Answer 4

contains two sets of chromosomes, somatic cells

Question 5

somatic cells

Answer 5

body/non-reproductive cells

Question 6

oviparous

Answer 6

development in which internally fertilised egg developing a shell and laid in external environment

Question 7

viviparous

Answer 7

development in which fertilised egg becomes embryo nurtured inside female’s body, obtaining nutrients through a placenta, and is born alive

Question 8

ovo-viviparous

Answer 8

development in which eggs with yolk for nourishment are retained inside mother’s body and hatched, where newly hatched young are born alive

Question 9

monotremes

Answer 9

oviparous mammals, eggs laid + develop outside mother’s body

Question 10

marsupials

Answer 10

mammals in which offspring develop internally for a short time after fertilisation, then continue embryonic development in a pouch

Question 11

embryonic diapause

Answer 11

in marsupials: development of youngest triggered when second-youngest detaches from pouch

Question 12

eutharians

Answer 12

placental mammals: offspring develops inside body of mother after internal fertilisation

Question 13

pollinating agents

Answer 13

third parties which carry gametes from one parent to another

Question 14

angiosperms

Answer 14

flowering plants, using sexual reproduction

Question 15

gymnosperms

Answer 15

conifers, using sexual reproduction
- e.g. ferns

Question 16

carpel/gynoecium

Answer 16

female reproductive organs in flowering plants

Question 17

stamen

Answer 17

male reproductive organs in flowering plants

Question 18

pollination

Answer 18

internal fertilisation

Question 19

pollen grain

Answer 19

contains sperm, prevents it from drying out

Question 20

germination

Answer 20

development of a plant from a seed or spore after a period of dormancy

Question 21

radicle

Answer 21

young root produced when a seed germinates

Question 22

plumule

Answer 22

young stem grown when seed germinates

Question 23

isogamous

Answer 23

gametes are similar, not classified as male or female
- undergoes isogamy, has a ‘charge’

Question 24

spores

Answer 24

single-celled reproductive unit of non-flowering plants