Definitions

Question 1

KPT (kinetic particle theory)

Answer 1

1.matter is is made up of tiny particles
2.Constant and random motion

Question 2

Sublimation

Answer 2

Occurs when particles at the surface of a solid have enough energy to break free from solid and escapes as gas

Question 3

Molecules

Answer 3

molecule is made up of two or more atoms chemically combined
⁃Molecules of elements and molecules of compounds
⁃A compound is always a molecule but a molecule is not always a compound

Question 4

Isotopes

Answer 4

They are atoms of the same element with the same number of protons and electrons but different number of neutron (definition )

Question 5

Frictional force/Friction

Answer 5

is the force that opposes motion between two surfaces in contact
•Between two objects in physical contact

Question 6

Elastic force

Answer 6

exerts a force in the opposite direction
•Is a force acting on a stretched or compressed object to return to its original shape

Question 7

Gravitational force/gravity

Answer 7

the energy which a body possesses because of its position relative to the ground in a gravitational field

Question 8

Weight

Answer 8

Gravitational force exerted on an object

Question 9

Pressure

Answer 9

Is the force acting/exerting per unit area [in contact]

Question 10

Energy

Answer 10

SI unit of energy and work done is joule (J)
⁃Energy can be converted from one form to another
⁃Energy cannot be created or destroyed, it can be converted from one form to another
⁃Energy is the capacity to do work — definition

Question 11

Temperature

Answer 11

• is the measure of how hot or cold an object is
• SI unit is Kelvin, K (not degrees Celsius, C nor degree FahrenheitF)
• Thermometer is is used to measure changes in temperature resulting from the transfer thermal energy

Question 12

Convection

Answer 12

• Is the process by which thermal energy is transmitted from one place to another by the movement of fluids
  
  • movement of fluids (Liquid & Gas)

Question 13

Radiation

Answer 13

• Thermals energy from the sun is transferred to earth by radiation
  
  • Radiation is the process by which thermal energy is transferred by infra-red rays
    on
  • Radiation is the process by which thermal energy is transferred by infra-red rays
  • The colour of the surface. — Black, rough and dull surfaces are better absorbers/emitters of infra-red rays than white, smooth and shiny surfaces
  • The surface area — the larger the surface area, the higher
  • The surface temperature of the object

Question 14

Conduction

Answer 14

• Conduction is the process. By which thermal energy is transmitted through a medium from one particle to another
  
  • Different materials conduct thermal energy at different rates. (metal — free electrons, non metal)

Question 15

Decomposition

Answer 15

The breaking down of complex nutrients into small, simpler and soluble substances is an important process in the ecosystem

Question 16

Adaptations (structural & behavioural)

Answer 16

• Structural adaptations are physical characteristics of an organism to help it to survive in its habitat
  
  • Behavioural adaptations refer to the different behaviour of an organisms that allow it to survive in it’s habitat

Question 17

Electric current (A, ampere, I)

Answer 17

The rate of flow of electric charges

Question 18

Electromotive force(battery/cell) /potential difference(component)
volt, V

Answer 18

• E.m.f. Of an electrical energy source is the work done by the source in driving a unit charge around a complete circuit (definition)
  
  • P.d. Across a component is the work done (transfer of energy) to drive a unit charge through the component

Question 19

Resistance, R, ohm, [insert weird unit that look like horseshoe)

Answer 19

The resistance of a component is the ratio of the potential difference across a component to the current flowing through it.

Question 20

Power, W, watt

Answer 20

The power of an appliance is the amount of electrical energy converted to other forms of energy in one second

Question 21

Transpiration

Answer 21

Is the process where water vapour is lost through the aerial parts of the plant, especially the stomata of the leaves

Question 22

Diffusion

Answer 22

Is the net movement of molecules from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration

Question 23

Osmosis

Answer 23

Is the net movement of water molecules from a region of higher water potential to a region of lower water potential through a partially permeable membrane

Question 24

Fertilisation

Answer 24

Is the process where the nucleus of the sperm fuses with the nucleus of the egg/ovum to form a zygote

Question 25

Ovulation

Answer 25

Is the release of a mature egg from an ovary