definitions Flashcards
alkanes
saturated compounds ending in “ane”. only contain single bonds. van der waals forces. meth,eth,prop,but all gases but all rest 5-10 are liquid.
homologous series
series of compounds of similar chemical properties, that show gradations in physical propeties, and have a general formula for its members with each member differing from the next by one unit. each also have similar preperation methods.
structural isomer
compounds with the same molecular formula but different structural formula
unsaturated compounds
a compound containing one or more double or triple bonds between atoms in the molecule.
tests for unsaturation
acidified potassium permanganate (KMnO4)
Bromine water
results for test for unsaturation
KMnO4 - purple=saturated colourless=unsaturated
Bromine water - red=saturated colourless=unsaturated
alkenes
2nd homologous series of hydrocarbons
contain 1 double bond C-C
unsaturated compound (contains double)
bond angle of alkenes
120 degress
trigonal planar
general formula for alkenes
CnH2n
test on ethene (not the saturation test)
gas burns with a luminous flame
aliphatic
used to describe open chain and closed ring hydrocarbons
aromatic
used to describe hydrocarbons that contain a benzene ring in their structure e.g methylbenzene
benzene
organic chemical compound with the formula C6H6 (note that the 6s are subscript)
HIGHLY unsaturated compound
highly toxic and carcinogenic
methyl benzene is recommended substitute
methylbenzene
recommended substitute for benzene
good organic solvent
who discovered benzene
Michael faraday
