Definitions

Question 1

Electron Binding Energy

Answer 1

The strength of attachment of an electron to the nucleus

Question 2

Atomic Mass Number

Answer 2

Number of protons + number of neutrons in the nucleus of an atom, always a whole number

Question 3

Isotopes

Answer 3

Atoms that have the same atomic number but different atomic mass

Question 4

Actual Atomic Mass

Answer 4

Determined by measurement and rarely a whole number

Question 5

Isobars

Answer 5

Atomic nuclei that have the same atomic mass number but different atomic numbers

Question 6

Isotone

Answer 6

Atoms that have the same number of neutrons but different number of protons

Question 7

Isomer

Answer 7

Have the same atomic number and the same atomic mass number

Question 8

Molecule

Answer 8

The structure formed when multiple atoms join together

Question 9

Radiation

Answer 9

Energy emitted and transformed through space

Question 10

Electromagnetic Radiation

Answer 10

Electromagnetic energy that travels through space

Question 11

Radioactivity

Answer 11

The spontaneous emission of particles and energy in order to become stable

Question 12

Radioisotope

Answer 12

When a nucleus contains too few or too many neutrons, the atom can disintegrate
radioactively, bringing the number of neutrons and protons into a stable ratio

Question 13

Radioactive half-life

Answer 13

The time required for a quantity of radioactivity to be reduced to one-half of its original value

Question 14

Ionization

Answer 14

Occurs when an x-ray passes close to an orbital electron of the atom and transfers sufficient energy to the electron to remove it from the atom

Question 15

2 Types of Ionizing Radiation

Answer 15

Particulate Radiation & Electromagnetic Radiation

Question 16

2 Types of Particulate Radiation

Answer 16

Alpha Particles & Beta Particles

Question 17

Alpha Particles

Answer 17

Equivalent to a helium nucleus, contains 2 protons and 2 neutrons

Question 18

Beta Particles

Answer 18

Electrons emitted from the nucleus of a radioactive atom

Question 19

Radiography

Answer 19

uses a solid-state image receptor (IR) and an x-ray tube

Question 20

Fluoroscopy

Answer 20

X-ray tube located under the examination
table supporting the patient. The radiologist is provided with
moving images on a digital display device.

Question 21

Computed Tomography (CT)

Answer 21

rotating x-ray source and detector array; images can be
reconstructed in any anatomic plane

Question 22

Filtration

Answer 22

Metal filters, usually aluminum or copper, are inserted or built-in into the x-ray tube housing

Question 23

Collimation

Answer 23

Restricts the useful x-ray beam to that part of the body to be imaged