Definitions

Question 1

Independent variable

Answer 1

the variable you manipulate, control, or vary in an experiment to explore its effects

Question 2

Dependent variable

Answer 2

​​the variable that changes as a result of the independent variable manipulation. It’s the outcome you’re interested in measuring

Question 3

Causality

Answer 3

whether or not changes in one variable lead to changes in another

Question 4

The scientific method

Answer 4

stating the question, offering a theory and then constructing rigorous laboratory or field experiments to test the hypothesis

Question 5

Operationalise

Answer 5

turning abstract concepts into measurable observations

Question 6

Aim

Answer 6

identifies the purpose of the investigation

Question 7

Hypothesis

Answer 7

a precise, testable statement of what the researchers predict will be the outcome of the study.

Question 8

Standardised procedure

Answer 8

keeping everything the same for all participants so that the investigation is fair

Question 9

Structuralism

Answer 9

focused on breaking down mental processes into the most basic components

Question 10

Introspection

Answer 10

the examination of one’s own conscious thoughts and feelings