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MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY > Definitions > Flashcards

Definitions Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Medical Term

A

a word or phrase made up of a combination of elements to express a specific
idea

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2
Q

Element

A

a word part used to form a medical term. All elements in a medical term are
essential to its meaning. Each element in a medical term has its own meaning.

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3
Q

Element

A

a word part used to form a medical term. All elements in a medical term are
essential to its meaning. Each element in a medical term has its own meaning.

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4
Q

Prefix

A

an element used at the beginning of a medical term which changes in some
manner the meaning of the medical term or makes it more specific

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5
Q

Root

A

the main element within a medical term Often there is more than one root
element within the medical term. The root element is alwavs the subiect or
main topic of the medical term and is frequently a bedy part

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6
Q

Suffix

A

an element used at the end of a medical term (after the root element) that
frequently describes a condition of a body part or an action to a body part.

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7
Q

Word Terminal

A

a suffix or word ending that denotes the part of speech of the medical term
(noun,verb, adjective)

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8
Q

Adjective Terminals (pertaining to)

A

-ic
-al
-ical
-ac

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9
Q

Noun Terminals

A

-ia
-um
-is
a (ae-plural)

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10
Q

Combining Vowel

A

(usually o or i and, less frequently u) used between two elements of a medical
term to make the term easier to pronounce. Occasionally the other vowels may by used

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11
Q

Universal Element

A

A word part not associated with a specific body system

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12
Q

The skin

A

An organ with a variety of essential tissues

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13
Q

3 layers of the skin

A

Epidermis, dermis, hypodermis

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14
Q

Epidermis

A
  • outermost layer of the skin
  • divided into 5-6 thinner layers which do not have blood vessels
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15
Q

Stratum Corneum

A

Uppermost layer of the skin
Constantly sheds dead skins cells

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16
Q

Stratum Germinativum

A
  • lowest layer of the epidermis
  • in contact with the dermis below
  • layer where cell division/mitosis take place
  • New epidermal tissue is formed here
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17
Q

Dermis (corium)

A

Contains major structures and functions for the skin within a framework of elastic connective tissue

18
Q

Contains blood vessels, nerves, involuntary muscles, sweat glands, oil glands, hair follicles, & papillae

A

The Dermis (Corium)

19
Q

Functions of the blood vessels

A
  • Provides nutrients to skin & takes waste products away
  • Maintaining & sustaining body temperature
20
Q

Four sensory perceptions of the nerves

A
  • pain
  • pressure
  • temperature
  • touch
21
Q

Lift hair & open pores

A

Involuntary muscles

22
Q

Sweat glands Aka

A

Suderiferous glands

23
Q

Could tubes that extend through the dermis and open on the surface of the skin at the pores

A

Sweat Glands

24
Q

Sebaceous Glands

A

Aka oil glands - contain sebum and keep hair moisturized

25
Q

Subcutaneous Fascia (hypodermis)

A

Located below the dermis
Made of elastic & fibrous tissue & adipose

26
Q

Composed of keratin and functions to protect the skin

A

Hair

27
Q

Composed of keratin and function ad protective plates for fingers & toes

A

Nails

28
Q

Main functions of the integumentary system

A
  • protection
  • body temperature regulation
  • storage (fat, glucose, water, vitamins, salt)
  • Absorption
  • Excretion
  • Production ( vitamins D)
29
Q

Yellowish red pigment which helps determine skin color

A

Carotene

30
Q

Specialized cells in the epidermis that produce melanin

A

Melanocytes

31
Q

The absence of color pigmentation in the skin

A

Albino

32
Q

A reddish color that resultant from burns, sunburns, and the congestion if blood in the blood vessels

A

Erythema

33
Q

A yellow discoloration of thw skin indication bile in the blood and a resuktbif liver or gallbladder disease or in the destruction of red blood cells

A

Jaundice

34
Q

A bluish discoloration of the skin and nails due to lack of oxygen. Association with heart, lung, & circulatory disorders

A

Cyanosis

35
Q

Papules

A

Eruptions such as pimples chickenpox, & syphilis

36
Q

Macules

A

Aka freckles - flat spots in the skin

37
Q

Vesicles

A

Blisters or fluid filled sacs

38
Q

Pustules

A

Pis filled sacs ad in acne or pimples

39
Q

Wheals

A

Itchy elevated areas such as insects bites or hives

40
Q

Ulcers

A

Deep loss of skin surface that extend into thw dermis and may cause periodic bleeding

41
Q

Derm-

A

Skin

MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY (11 decks)

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