Definitions Flashcards
1
Q
What are isotopes?
A
- Atoms of the same element which therefore have the same number of protons and electrons but a different number of neutrons
2
Q
What is relative isotopic mass?
A
- The mass of an isotope relative to 1/12th of the mass of an atom of carbon-12
3
Q
What is relative atomic mass? Required.
A
- The weighted mean mass of an atom of an element relative to 1/12th of the mass of an atom of carbon-12
4
Q
What is ionic bonding?
A
- The electrostatic attraction between positive and negative ions
5
Q
What is an ionic lattice?
A
- A repeating pattern of oppositely charged ions
6
Q
What is a covalent bond?
A
- The strong electrostatic attraction between a shared pair of electrons and the nuclei of the bonded atoms
7
Q
What is periodicity?
A
- Repeating trends in the physical and chemical properties of elements across a period
8
Q
What is first ionisation energy?
A
- The energy required for the removal of 1 mol of electrons from 1 mol of gaseous atoms of an element
9
Q
What is metallic bonding?
A
- The strong electrostatic attraction between cations and delocalised electrons
10
Q
What are giant covalent lattices?
A
- Networks of atoms bonded by strong covalent bonds
11
Q
What is disproportionation?
A
- A redox reaction in which the same element is both oxidised and reduced simultaneously
12
Q
What is the standard enthalpy change of formation, and its symbol?
A
- The enthalpy change that takes place when one mole of a compound is formed from its elements under standard conditions, with all reactants and products in their standard states
- ΔfH⦵
13
Q
What is the standard enthalpy change of combustion, and its symbol?
A
- The enthalpy change that takes place when one mole of a substance is reacted completely with oxygen under standard conditions, with all reactants and products in their standard states
- ΔcH⦵
14
Q
What is the standard enthalpy change of neutralisation, and its symbol?
A
- The enthalpy change that accompanies the reaction of an acid by a base to form one mole of H2O (l) under standard conditions, with all reactants and products in their standard states
- ΔneutH⦵
15
Q
What is average bond enthalpy?
A
- When 1 mole of bonds of gaseous covalent bonds are broken