Definitions Flashcards
What is a trait?
An aspect of personality that is inherited and stable
What is social learning?
Learning through observation of others and copying their actions
What is an attitude?
A belief/ value towards a certain topic
What is dissonance?
A conflict in thoughts that creates a lack of mental harmony and gives an uneasy feeling
What is arousal?
A term used to describe how ready an athlete is to perform, it is the drive to achieve
What is the zone of optimal functioning?
An area where arousal levels are at the optimal point and performance levels are high
What is peak flow experience?
An area of peak level arousal where the performer is on top form and processing all information. The performer has a subconscious feeling of being in complete control.
What is somatic anxiety?
Physiological response to a situation
E.g. sweating, sickness, shaking
What is cognitive anxiety?
Psychological response to a situation, making the performer feel in a state of worry
What is competitive trait anxiety?
How you feel about any competitive situation
What is competitive state anxiety?
How you feel about a specific competitive situation
What is a questionnaire?
A physical set of questions designed to measure anxiety levels of a performer or group
What is achievement motivation?
How much desire a performer has to keep on trying to succeed
What is a need to achieve (NACH) performer?
Where a performer keeps on trying even when things become particularly tough.
They approach competition with enthusiasm.
What is a need to avoid failure (NAF) performer?
Performers that shows a need to avoid competition and seek safe and secure options rather than risky ones.
What is achievement goal theory?
Suggests that motivation and the task persistence depend on the type of goals set by the performer and how they measure success
What is confidence?
A belief in the ability to master a task
What is trait confidence?
How an athlete rates their ability to perform across a wide range of sport
What is state confidence?
How a performer rates their ability to perform at a particular moment
What is competitive orientation?
The degree to which a performer is drawn to challenging situations
What is self efficacy?
Situation specific confidence
What is home field advantage?
When playing at home can affect a teams performance
What is an autocratic leadership style?
Only the leader is involved in decision makinh
What is a democratic leader?
All members are involved in decision makinh
What is a laissez faire leadership style?
Leader allows group members to make all decisions
What is an emergent leader?
A leader that is elected/ come through the team
What is a prescribed leader?
A leader appointed by an external authority
What is stress?
The response of the individual to a threat
What is eustress?
The positive response to stress
What is a stressor?
Cause of stress
What is attentional narrowing?
As stress and arousal increase, the ability to take in information decreases
What is cue utilisation?
The ability to process information is directly linked to the level of arousal
What is an attribution?
The reason given to explain something that has happened
What is learned helplessness?
The feeling that success is not achievable and failure is inevitable due to continuous losses
What is aggression?
Breaking the rules with intent to harm
What is assertion?
Well motivated behaviour within the rules with no intent to harm
What is catharsis?
A release of aggression to restore a relaxed state/ cleanse emotions
What is motivation?
How drawn you are to a situation/ a drive to succeed
What is extrinsic motivation?
Motivation from external sources
E.g. coaches, teammates
What is intrinsic motivation?
Motivation from within
What is achievement motivation?
The need for accomplishment, despite what rewards may be offered after the achievement has been met.
The drive to succeed.
What is an outcome orientated goal?
A goal based on the results, such as winning
What is a task orientated goal?
A goal based on performance or technique
What is social facilitation?
When who is present during an event and high arousal have a positive effect on the performer
What is social inhibition?
When who is present at an event and high arousal have a negative effect on the performer
What is evaluation apprehension?
The perceived fear of being judged
What is cohesion?
How well a team bonds
What is social loafing?
Individual losses of motivation due to lack of performance identification when individual efforts are not recognised
What is self confidence?
A belief in one’s ability to complete a task
What is self esteem?
A sense of self worth or personal value
What is mental rehearsal?
Practicing a routine in your head to calm nerves/ reduce anxiety.
Picturing the perfect performance cognitively.
What is biofeedback?
Using a machine to monitor the body’s response while trying techniques to control things such as heart rate
