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LS 221 Midterm Exam > Definitions > Flashcards

Definitions Flashcards

1
Q

Grounded Theory

Ch. 1

A

an approach to qualitative data where the goal is to use it to generate a theory - data collection and analysis done repetetively

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2
Q

Positivism

Ch. 1

A

epistemological position - everything can be scientifically justified according to this ideology - advocates for the use of natural science techniques in the social sciences

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3
Q

Empiricism

Ch. 1

A

only knowledge gained through observation using the senses is acceptable

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4
Q

Intersubjectivity

Ch. 1

A

a condition where two or more observers of the same phenomenon are in agreement

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5
Q

Symbolic Interactionism

Ch. 1

A

theoretical perspective where social interaction is understood to be based on the meanings people associate with actions/contexts

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6
Q

Objectivist

Ch. 1

A

ontological position - social phenomena have an existance independent of people or their perceptions (vs Constructionism)

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7
Q

Constructionist

Ch. 1

A

ontological position - social phenomena and their meanings are continually being created by people (vs Objectivism)

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8
Q

Discourse Analysis

Ch. 1

A

approach to analysis of talk/communication that emphasizes the way language creates versions of reality

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9
Q

Reflexivity

Ch. 1

A

social researchers’ awareness of the implications and that their biases, values, etc. in investivative situations create

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10
Q

Deductive

Ch. 1

A

approach to inquiry begins with the statement of a theory from which the hypothesis is derived and tested

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11
Q

Inductive

Ch. 1

A

approach to inquiry that starts with the collection of data which is then used to create hypotheses, theories

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12
Q

Epistemological

Ch. 1

A

how do we know things/how do we know what we know? - what constitutes knowledge

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13
Q

Ontological

Ch. 1

A

what is the nature of our existence? - the nature of reality

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14
Q

Descriptive Studies

Ch. 1

A

observational (ex. ethnography), case study (ex. cross sectional), survey (ex. opinion poll)

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15
Q

Correlational Studies

Ch. 1

A

relationships between variables - the what, not the cause

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16
Q

Exploratory Studies

Ch. 1

A

explore phenomenon not well studied

17
Q

Explanatory Studies

Ch. 1

A

examine relationships between variables

18
Q

Research Hypothesis

Ch. 15

A

prediction - ex. “there will be a relationship between the amount of sleep and test performance”

19
Q

Alternative Hypothesis

Ch. 15

A

null hypothesis - ex. “there will be a negative relationship…”

20
Q

Literature Review Process

Ch. 15

A

conceptualize - locate - select/reject

21
Q

Cross-Sectional Designs

Ch. 2

A

a research design where data is collected at a single point in time

22
Q

Longitudial Designs

Ch. 2

A

a research design where data is collected on two seperate occasions

23
Q

Case Study Designs

Ch. 2

A

a research design that entails detailed analysis of a single case or a small number of cases (for comparison)

24
Q

Concepts

Ch. 2

A

ideas, impressions, observations - subjective

25
Q

Variables

Ch. 2

A

measurable and relates to the concept - objective

26
Q

Three Criteria of Causation

Ch. 2

A

correlation, time order, non-spuriousness (variables correlate)

27
Q

Independent Variable

Ch. 2

A

produces change - e. level of activity

28
Q

Dependent Variable

Ch. 2

A

concept that is changed - ex. weight gain

29
Q

Extraneous Variable

Ch. 2

A

factors influencing dependent variable - ex. interest in working out

30
Q

Intervening Variable

Ch. 2

A

factors influencing dependent and independent variables - ex. age

31
Q

Measurment Validity

Ch. 2

A

to what degree a measure of a concept actually measures what its supposed to

32
Q

Nominal UoM

Ch. 2

A

qualitative, name, difference between categories, ex. gender

33
Q

Ordinal Scales UoM

Ch. 2

A

qualitative, rank order, ex. attitudes (yes or no)

34
Q

Interval UoM

Ch. 2

A

quantitative, difference between units, no true 0, ex. thermometer

35
Q

Ratio Scales UoM

Ch. 2

A

quantitative, absolute 0, ex. measuring tape

36
Q

Informed Consent

Ch. 3

A

patients in research should be given as much as they need to make a sound decision about whether to participate in a study

37
Q

Reactive Effects

Ch. 3

A

the effect on research participants of knowing they are being studied, which may result in atypical or inauthentic behaviour

38
Q

Principles of Research Ethics

Ch. 3

A
  1. respect for human dignity
  2. free and informed consent
  3. care for vulnerable persons
  4. privacy and confidentiality
  5. respect for the law
  6. respect for fairness and equality
  7. respect for trustworthiness and honesty
  8. protection of participants and researchers from harm
39
Q

J.E.D.D.I.

A

justice, equity, diversity, decolonization, inclusion

LS 221 Midterm Exam (1 decks)

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