definitions

Question 1

Gene

Answer 1

a sequence/short section of DNA

Question 2

chromosome

Answer 2

a generic structure made up of 1000s of genes

Question 3

allele

Answer 3

different versions of a gene

Question 4

dominant allele

Answer 4

an allele which will always be expressed if only 1 copy is present

Question 5

recessive allele

Answer 5

an allele which will only be expressed if 2 copies are present

Question 6

homozygous

Answer 6

when an individual has 2 copies of the same gene/allele e.g. bb

Question 7

heterozygous

Answer 7

when an individual has 2 different copies of the same gene/allele e.g. Bb

Question 8

genotype

Answer 8

the genetic makeup of a person

Question 9

phenotype

Answer 9

the observable characteristics of an organism

Question 10

inherited variation

Answer 10

differences between organisms caused by alleles pass on from their parents

Question 11

environmental variation

Answer 11

differences between organisms caused by environmental factors

Question 12

acquired characteristics

Answer 12

things in an environment that can change an organism

Question 13

continuous data

Answer 13

the data is a number that can be measured and exists within an infinite number

Question 14

discontinuous data

Answer 14

the data collected can be categorised into distinct groups with no numerical value