Definitions Flashcards
Relative Atomic Mass
The weighted mean mass of an atom of an element compared with 1/12 of the mass of an atom of carbon-12
Salt
A compound produced when the H+ ions of an acid are replaced by a metal ion or Nh4+
Alkali
A base that dissolves in water and releases OH- ions in aqueous solution
Acid
A proton donor
Mole
The amount of substance containing as many particles as there are carbon atoms in exactly 12g of Carbon 12
Molar mass
The mass in g per mole of a substance. Units are gmol-1
Weak/Strong Acid
Weak- Partially dissociates into its ions in aqueous solution
Strong - Fully dissociates into its ions in aqueous solution
Base
A base is a proton acceptor
Atomic Orbital
A region within an atom around the nucleus that can hold up to two electrons with opposite spins
Aufbau Principle
Electrons fill orbitals of lowest energy first
Transition element
A transition element is a d block element that forms an ion with an incomplete d sub shell
Shell
A group of atomic orbitals with the same principal quantum number of 1 and has the lowest energy
Ionic bonding
The electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions
Covalent bonding
The strong electrostatic attraction between a shared pair of electrons and the nuclei of the bonded atoms
Metallic bonding
The strong electrostatic attraction of a lattice of positive metal ions to a ‘sea’ of delocalised electrons
