definitions

Question 1

Biodiversity

Answer 1

The number, relative abundance and genetic diversity of organisms in an area or earth

Question 2

genetic variation

Answer 2

Genetic variation is the difference in DNA sequences between individuals within a population.

Question 3

Chromosomal aberrations –

Answer 3

changes to the structure or number of chromosomes.
- Can be categorised as structural (chromosomal rearrangement) or numerical.

Question 4

Point mutations and chromosome mutations

Answer 4

Chromosomal mutations affect the structure or inheritance of a chromosome and usually involve more than one gene.

A point mutation (gene mutations) are changes in a single/or few nucleotides in a DNA sequence – insertion, deletion and substitution.
- Point mutations that involve substitution are classified at silent, missense or nonsense mutations.
- Point mutations that involve addition or deletion are classified as frameshift mutations.

Question 5

Biotechnology

Answer 5

The use of living systems/organisms and biological processes to develop or modify products and processes that aim to improve quality of life and ethe environment.

Question 6

recombinant dna technology

Answer 6

Recombinant DNA technology involves using enzymes and various laboratory techniques to manipulate and isolate DNA segments of interest. This method can be used to combine (or splice) DNA from different species or to create genes with new functions. The resulting copies are often referred to as recombinant DNA.