Definitions Flashcards
What is the legal definition of crime
An act or omission which constitutes an offence and punishable by law
Deviance defenition
An actor omission that differs from the socially accepted values and norms of a society. It may or may not be punishable by law.
Murder
The unlawful killing of a reasonable person in being and under the king’s peace and with malice afterthought expressed or implied
Manslaughter
The unlawful killing of a human being without malice afterthought;
Voluntary manslaughter
Occurs when the offender intended to cause death or serious injury with mitigating circumstances. Which can include loss of control or a failed suicide pact
Involuntary manslaughter
Occurs when the offender did not intend to cause death or serious injury but death occurred due to gross negligence or recklessness
Common assault
Occurs when someone is assaulted or battered; battery occurs when unlawful force is used in another, whereas assault is when fear is used to intimidate another.
Actual bodily harm ABH
Occurs when the assault or battery causes actual, intended or unintended physical harm to the victim which requires short term treatment.
Grievous Bodily Harm
Occurs when the assault or battery causes serious, intended or unintended harm which requires longer-term treatment
Domestic abuse
Is any type of cohesive or threatening behaviour including emotional, financial, sexual and/ or psychological abuse. D.V can be committed by a partner, ex-partner or other family members
Honour crime
Is a crime committed against a family member who is believed to have brought shame upon the family. Honour crimes include murder (honour killing), torture, acid attacks, gentile mutilation, forced marriage, threats
Hate crime
A hare crime occurs when the offender targets a victim because of their membership (or perceived membership) in a certain cultural group
State crime/ human rights crime
Green and ward (2005) illegal or deviant activities perpetrated by or with complicity of state agencies
Moral crime
Is a category of crime that is considered victimless because there is no specific victim especially when they are committed against concerning adults
Euthanasia
The act of deliberately ending a person’s life to relieve that person of suffering
Assisted suicide
A person who aids,abets, counsels or procures the suicide of another.
White collar crime
encompasses a variety of nonviolent crimes committed by a professional individual in the course of their occupation for financial gain
Corporate crime
Is committed by a corporation. The difference between white collar crime and corporate crime relates to who profits from the crime; white collar the individual profits, corporate the whole company profits
Organized crime
A planned, serious crime that is coordinated and conducted by people working together on a continuing basis
Professional Crime
Criminal activity that provides the criminal with their main source of income, obtained illegally using specialist skills over an extended period of time
E-crime/ technological crime/ cybercrime
Is any crime in which a computer plays an essential part; it is the illegal exploitation of computer technologies, usually involving the internet.
Prostitution
Exchange of sensual services for money
Vagrancy
A vagrant is someone who wanders from place to place without a permanent home or visible means of support
Policy plus example
Sets of guidelines used to prevent, reduce, deter or punish criminal acts. Crime management policy can be influenced both formally and informally by biological, individualistic and sociological theories
