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Chem =D > definitions > Flashcards

definitions Flashcards

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1
Q

physical properties

A

a property not associated with a change in chemical composition

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2
Q

chemical properties

A

a property associated with a change in chemical composition

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3
Q

accuracy

A

how close you are to the truth

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4
Q

precision

A

how close your results are to each other

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5
Q

qualitative

A

interpretation-based data

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6
Q

quantitative

A

number-based data

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7
Q

atomic number

A

number of protons

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8
Q

mass number

A

number of protons + neutrons

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9
Q

isotopes

A

atoms of the same element with different masses

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10
Q

cation

A

an ion with a positive charge

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11
Q

anion

A

an ion with a negative charge

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12
Q

ion

A

a charged atom

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13
Q

formula weight

A

sum of the atomic weights of the atoms in the empirical formula

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14
Q

molecular weight/molar mass

A

average mass calculated by adding together the atomic weights of the atoms in the molecular formula

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15
Q

ionic bonds

A

occur between metals and nonmetals, involves a transfer of electrons (cation and an anion)

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16
Q

covalent bonds

A

occur between nonmetals, two atoms share electrons (molecular compounds)

17
Q

combination reactions

A

two or more substances react to form one product (A + B –> AB)

18
Q

decomposition reactions

A

one substance breaks down into two or more substances (AB –> A + B)

19
Q

combustion reactions

A

rapid reactions that produce a flame; most often involve hydrocarbons reacting with oxygen

20
Q

single replacement

A

one element replaces another in a composition (AB + C –> A + CB)

21
Q

double replacement

A

two compounds exchange ions to produce two new compounds (AB + CD –> AD + CB)

22
Q

oxidation and reduction

A

substance gaining electrons is reduced, substance losing electrons is oxidized

23
Q

salts

A

ionic compounds which, when dissolved in water, break up completely into ions

Chem =D (7 decks)

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