Definitions Flashcards
Newton’s First Law
A body will remain in its state of rest or motion at constant velocity unless a non-zero resultant/net force acts on it.
Newton’s Second Law
When a resultant/net force acts on an object, the object will accelerate in the direction of the force at an acceleration directly proportional to the force and inversely proportional to the mass of the object.
Newton’s Third Law
When object A exerts a force on object B, object B simultaneously exerts an oppositely directed force of equal magnitude on object A.
Newton’s Law of Universal Gravitation
Each particle in the universe attracts every other particle with a gravitational force that is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between their centres.
Momentum
The product of an object’s mass and its velocity.
Newton’s Second Law of Motion (in terms of momentum)
The resultant/net force acting on an object is equal to the rate of change of momentum of the object in the direction of the resultant/net force.
Impulse
The product of the resultant/net force acting on an object and the time the resultant/net force acts on the object.
The principle of conservation of linear momentum
The total linear momentum of a closed system remains constant (is conserved).
Elastic collision
A collision in which both total momentum and total kinetic energy are conserved.
Inelastic collision
A collision during which kinetic energy is not conserved.
Acceleration
rate of change of velocity.
Gravitational acceleration
The acceleration of a body due to the force of attraction of the earth.
Projectile
An object upon which the only force acting is the force of gravity.
Velocity
Rate of change of displacement.
Normal Force
The force or the component of a force which a surface exerts on an object with which it is in contact, and which is perpendicular to the surface .
